A randomized trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a dual-energy lattice-tip ablation system for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to conventional radiofrequency ablation. The study enrolled 420 patients with persistent AF, randomly assigned to either the investigational system or the control system. The primary effectiveness endpoint was freedom from acute procedural failure, repeat ablation, arrhythmia recurrence, and drug initiation or escalation. The primary safety endpoint was freedom from serious adverse events. The investigational system showed non-inferiority in both effectiveness (73.8% success vs. 65.8%) and safety (1.4% adverse events vs. 1.0%) compared to the control system. Procedural times were significantly shorter with the investigational system. The dual-energy system allowed for efficient ablation with a single catheter, reducing procedural complexity and time. It also minimized risks to surrounding tissues, such as the esophagus. The study found that the investigational system was non-inferior to the conventional system in safety and effectiveness, with additional benefits in procedural efficiency. The results suggest that the dual-energy lattice-tip catheter could be a viable alternative for treating persistent AF. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings in larger populations.A randomized trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a dual-energy lattice-tip ablation system for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to conventional radiofrequency ablation. The study enrolled 420 patients with persistent AF, randomly assigned to either the investigational system or the control system. The primary effectiveness endpoint was freedom from acute procedural failure, repeat ablation, arrhythmia recurrence, and drug initiation or escalation. The primary safety endpoint was freedom from serious adverse events. The investigational system showed non-inferiority in both effectiveness (73.8% success vs. 65.8%) and safety (1.4% adverse events vs. 1.0%) compared to the control system. Procedural times were significantly shorter with the investigational system. The dual-energy system allowed for efficient ablation with a single catheter, reducing procedural complexity and time. It also minimized risks to surrounding tissues, such as the esophagus. The study found that the investigational system was non-inferior to the conventional system in safety and effectiveness, with additional benefits in procedural efficiency. The results suggest that the dual-energy lattice-tip catheter could be a viable alternative for treating persistent AF. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings in larger populations.