Dynamics of Dzyaloshinskii domain walls in ultrathin magnetic films

Dynamics of Dzyaloshinskii domain walls in ultrathin magnetic films

26 Nov 2012 | André Thiaville and Stanislas Rohart, Émilie Jué, Vincent Cros and Albert Fert
This paper explores a new type of domain wall structure in ultrathin magnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy, influenced by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) due to adjacent layers. Using numerical and analytical micromagnetics, the study shows that these walls, called Dzyaloshinskii domain walls (DDW), can behave like Néel walls with high stability, moving at large velocities under strong fields. The DDW is relevant for current-driven domain wall motion under the spin Hall effect. Ultrathin magnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy have been studied for their unique magnetic properties. The Néel wall (NW) is a type of domain wall where magnetization rotates in a cycloidal mode, while the Bloch wall (BW) rotates in a spiral. In ultrathin films, the BW is typically the lowest energy structure, but the energy difference between NW and BW decreases as the film becomes thinner. This leads to lower Walker fields and velocities for BWs. The DMI, an antisymmetric exchange interaction, has been experimentally observed in mono- and bilayer systems. It favors non-uniform magnetic structures, including skyrmions. In ultrathin films, the DMI arises from interface symmetry breaking. The DMI changes the nature of the magnetic domain wall, favoring NWs. The study shows that the DMI stabilizes the NW and extends the stationary regime of domain wall motion under fields. The paper presents a 1D model for the DDW, showing that the DW width parameter and energy depend on the DMI parameter D. The DW dynamics under a field are analyzed, showing that the DMI extends the stationary regime and increases the Walker field and velocity. The DDW is also studied under current-driven motion, where the spin Hall effect (SHE) can efficiently move NWs without an applied field. The DDW offers a promising scenario for understanding current-induced domain wall motion in ultrathin films with perpendicular anisotropy. The study shows that the DMI can stabilize the NW and enable efficient motion under the SHE, making it a valuable structure for applications such as race-track memory. The results are supported by both numerical simulations and analytical models, demonstrating the importance of the DMI in ultrathin magnetic films.This paper explores a new type of domain wall structure in ultrathin magnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy, influenced by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) due to adjacent layers. Using numerical and analytical micromagnetics, the study shows that these walls, called Dzyaloshinskii domain walls (DDW), can behave like Néel walls with high stability, moving at large velocities under strong fields. The DDW is relevant for current-driven domain wall motion under the spin Hall effect. Ultrathin magnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy have been studied for their unique magnetic properties. The Néel wall (NW) is a type of domain wall where magnetization rotates in a cycloidal mode, while the Bloch wall (BW) rotates in a spiral. In ultrathin films, the BW is typically the lowest energy structure, but the energy difference between NW and BW decreases as the film becomes thinner. This leads to lower Walker fields and velocities for BWs. The DMI, an antisymmetric exchange interaction, has been experimentally observed in mono- and bilayer systems. It favors non-uniform magnetic structures, including skyrmions. In ultrathin films, the DMI arises from interface symmetry breaking. The DMI changes the nature of the magnetic domain wall, favoring NWs. The study shows that the DMI stabilizes the NW and extends the stationary regime of domain wall motion under fields. The paper presents a 1D model for the DDW, showing that the DW width parameter and energy depend on the DMI parameter D. The DW dynamics under a field are analyzed, showing that the DMI extends the stationary regime and increases the Walker field and velocity. The DDW is also studied under current-driven motion, where the spin Hall effect (SHE) can efficiently move NWs without an applied field. The DDW offers a promising scenario for understanding current-induced domain wall motion in ultrathin films with perpendicular anisotropy. The study shows that the DMI can stabilize the NW and enable efficient motion under the SHE, making it a valuable structure for applications such as race-track memory. The results are supported by both numerical simulations and analytical models, demonstrating the importance of the DMI in ultrathin magnetic films.
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Understanding Dynamics of Dzyaloshinskii domain walls in ultrathin magnetic films