The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDC-2) builds on its 2009 first statement, which highlighted the health risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Five years later, a larger body of research has deepened understanding of EDC mechanisms, including their effects on gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, and transgenerational impacts. EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, atrazine, PCBs, PBDEs, DDT, and DDE, are known to interfere with hormonal systems, leading to various health issues, including obesity, diabetes, reproductive disorders, hormone-sensitive cancers, and neurodevelopmental effects. The statement emphasizes the importance of considering developmental origins of health and disease, as early exposure can have long-term consequences. It also highlights the complexity of dose-response relationships, noting that EDCs can exhibit nonmonotonic responses, where low or high doses may have different effects. The statement calls for further research to better understand EDC mechanisms and to inform regulatory decisions. Key findings include the role of epigenetic changes, transgenerational effects, and the need for caution in interpreting experimental data. The statement also discusses the importance of considering both industry and government-funded studies to ensure a balanced understanding of EDC impacts. Overall, EDC-2 reinforces the need for continued research and policy action to mitigate the health risks associated with EDC exposure.The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDC-2) builds on its 2009 first statement, which highlighted the health risks of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Five years later, a larger body of research has deepened understanding of EDC mechanisms, including their effects on gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, and transgenerational impacts. EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, atrazine, PCBs, PBDEs, DDT, and DDE, are known to interfere with hormonal systems, leading to various health issues, including obesity, diabetes, reproductive disorders, hormone-sensitive cancers, and neurodevelopmental effects. The statement emphasizes the importance of considering developmental origins of health and disease, as early exposure can have long-term consequences. It also highlights the complexity of dose-response relationships, noting that EDCs can exhibit nonmonotonic responses, where low or high doses may have different effects. The statement calls for further research to better understand EDC mechanisms and to inform regulatory decisions. Key findings include the role of epigenetic changes, transgenerational effects, and the need for caution in interpreting experimental data. The statement also discusses the importance of considering both industry and government-funded studies to ensure a balanced understanding of EDC impacts. Overall, EDC-2 reinforces the need for continued research and policy action to mitigate the health risks associated with EDC exposure.