The article "Early Life Programming and Neurodevelopmental Disorders" by Bale et al. reviews the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors that influence neurodevelopmental disorders. It highlights the importance of early life experiences, particularly maternal diet and psychosocial factors, in shaping lifelong susceptibility to conditions such as schizophrenia, affective disorders, autism, and eating disorders. The authors discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, in mediating these effects. They also explore animal models and epidemiological studies to understand the long-term consequences of early life stress, infection, and nutritional deficiencies. The review emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary research to identify novel targets for therapy and prevention, and to better understand the sex-specific vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders.The article "Early Life Programming and Neurodevelopmental Disorders" by Bale et al. reviews the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors that influence neurodevelopmental disorders. It highlights the importance of early life experiences, particularly maternal diet and psychosocial factors, in shaping lifelong susceptibility to conditions such as schizophrenia, affective disorders, autism, and eating disorders. The authors discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, in mediating these effects. They also explore animal models and epidemiological studies to understand the long-term consequences of early life stress, infection, and nutritional deficiencies. The review emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary research to identify novel targets for therapy and prevention, and to better understand the sex-specific vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders.