This systematic review aimed to assess the economic burden of obesity and identify obesity-related diseases included in selected studies. Twenty-three studies were included, showing a substantial economic burden of obesity in both developed and developing countries. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in methodological approaches, target populations, study time frames, and perspectives, making it difficult to compare most studies. Obesity-related diseases varied widely among the studies, and there was no standardized method for calculating the cost of obesity. The review highlights the need for public health measures to prevent obesity to save societal resources and for international consensus on standardized methods to calculate obesity costs. The study also found that obesity is associated with various diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer. The economic burden of obesity includes direct and indirect costs, such as healthcare costs, lost productivity, and mortality. The review found that obesity-related costs vary significantly across countries and that the cost of obesity is expected to increase in the future. The study also identified limitations in the current literature, including the lack of standardized methods and the use of different perspectives in cost calculations. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing obesity through public health interventions to reduce its economic burden.This systematic review aimed to assess the economic burden of obesity and identify obesity-related diseases included in selected studies. Twenty-three studies were included, showing a substantial economic burden of obesity in both developed and developing countries. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in methodological approaches, target populations, study time frames, and perspectives, making it difficult to compare most studies. Obesity-related diseases varied widely among the studies, and there was no standardized method for calculating the cost of obesity. The review highlights the need for public health measures to prevent obesity to save societal resources and for international consensus on standardized methods to calculate obesity costs. The study also found that obesity is associated with various diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer. The economic burden of obesity includes direct and indirect costs, such as healthcare costs, lost productivity, and mortality. The review found that obesity-related costs vary significantly across countries and that the cost of obesity is expected to increase in the future. The study also identified limitations in the current literature, including the lack of standardized methods and the use of different perspectives in cost calculations. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing obesity through public health interventions to reduce its economic burden.