Affordable housing policies significantly impact economic and social outcomes globally. These policies aim to increase housing availability for low- and moderate-income households, reducing housing costs and improving living conditions. Economically, they stimulate job creation, boost construction and related industries, and enhance household stability by increasing disposable income and consumer spending. Policies such as tax incentives, subsidies, and inclusionary zoning have been effective in promoting affordable housing development and economic growth. Socially, affordable housing policies contribute to community cohesion, health outcomes, and educational attainment. Stable housing reduces stress and exposure to poor living conditions, improving mental and physical health. It also supports educational outcomes by providing a stable environment conducive to learning. Policies like rent control, public housing initiatives, and housing vouchers foster social inclusion and reduce disparities. Case studies from the United States, Singapore, and Brazil illustrate varied approaches and outcomes. The U.S. Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program has been instrumental in increasing affordable housing supply and promoting economic development. Singapore's Housing and Development Board (HDB) provides high-quality, affordable housing to a majority of its population, enhancing social stability. Brazil's Minha Casa Minha Vida program addresses housing deficits and improves living standards for low-income families. The success of affordable housing policies depends on contextual factors such as policy design, implementation strategies, and local economic conditions. Policymakers must consider these factors to create effective and sustainable housing solutions that promote both economic prosperity and social well-being. Future research and policy efforts should focus on maximizing these social benefits and addressing remaining gaps in housing provision and support.Affordable housing policies significantly impact economic and social outcomes globally. These policies aim to increase housing availability for low- and moderate-income households, reducing housing costs and improving living conditions. Economically, they stimulate job creation, boost construction and related industries, and enhance household stability by increasing disposable income and consumer spending. Policies such as tax incentives, subsidies, and inclusionary zoning have been effective in promoting affordable housing development and economic growth. Socially, affordable housing policies contribute to community cohesion, health outcomes, and educational attainment. Stable housing reduces stress and exposure to poor living conditions, improving mental and physical health. It also supports educational outcomes by providing a stable environment conducive to learning. Policies like rent control, public housing initiatives, and housing vouchers foster social inclusion and reduce disparities. Case studies from the United States, Singapore, and Brazil illustrate varied approaches and outcomes. The U.S. Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program has been instrumental in increasing affordable housing supply and promoting economic development. Singapore's Housing and Development Board (HDB) provides high-quality, affordable housing to a majority of its population, enhancing social stability. Brazil's Minha Casa Minha Vida program addresses housing deficits and improves living standards for low-income families. The success of affordable housing policies depends on contextual factors such as policy design, implementation strategies, and local economic conditions. Policymakers must consider these factors to create effective and sustainable housing solutions that promote both economic prosperity and social well-being. Future research and policy efforts should focus on maximizing these social benefits and addressing remaining gaps in housing provision and support.