This paper provides a comprehensive review of edge computing in healthcare, focusing on its innovations, opportunities, and challenges. Edge computing, which processes data closer to its source, offers reduced latency and improved performance compared to traditional cloud computing. In healthcare, edge computing integrates with IoT devices to gather and process vital parameters, enabling real-time decision-making and enhancing privacy and security. The review uses the PRISMA methodology to analyze over 70 Web of Science articles, categorizing research into three main areas: privacy and security, AI-based optimization methods, and edge offloading techniques. Key findings highlight the benefits of edge computing in healthcare, including improved performance, scalability, and security, but also emphasize the need for further research to address challenges such as data privacy, AI optimization, and computational offloading. The paper concludes by discussing future research directions and areas requiring further exploration.This paper provides a comprehensive review of edge computing in healthcare, focusing on its innovations, opportunities, and challenges. Edge computing, which processes data closer to its source, offers reduced latency and improved performance compared to traditional cloud computing. In healthcare, edge computing integrates with IoT devices to gather and process vital parameters, enabling real-time decision-making and enhancing privacy and security. The review uses the PRISMA methodology to analyze over 70 Web of Science articles, categorizing research into three main areas: privacy and security, AI-based optimization methods, and edge offloading techniques. Key findings highlight the benefits of edge computing in healthcare, including improved performance, scalability, and security, but also emphasize the need for further research to address challenges such as data privacy, AI optimization, and computational offloading. The paper concludes by discussing future research directions and areas requiring further exploration.