This meta-analysis examines the effects of psychotherapy on depression in children and adolescents, addressing six key questions: the overall effect of psychotherapy, the durability of its effects, the specificity of its benefits, its performance compared to active control conditions, the relative effectiveness of cognitive versus noncognitive treatments, and its effectiveness in clinically representative conditions. The study found that the mean effect size (ES) for psychotherapy was 0.34, which is modest and not significantly different from other conditions. Cognitive treatments did not outperform noncognitive approaches. Effects were both general (reducing anxiety) and specific (not addressing externalizing problems). The benefits were short-term but not long-term. Psychotherapy for youth depression appears to produce significant but modest effects in terms of strength, breadth, and durability.This meta-analysis examines the effects of psychotherapy on depression in children and adolescents, addressing six key questions: the overall effect of psychotherapy, the durability of its effects, the specificity of its benefits, its performance compared to active control conditions, the relative effectiveness of cognitive versus noncognitive treatments, and its effectiveness in clinically representative conditions. The study found that the mean effect size (ES) for psychotherapy was 0.34, which is modest and not significantly different from other conditions. Cognitive treatments did not outperform noncognitive approaches. Effects were both general (reducing anxiety) and specific (not addressing externalizing problems). The benefits were short-term but not long-term. Psychotherapy for youth depression appears to produce significant but modest effects in terms of strength, breadth, and durability.