Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy has evolved from an analytical technique into a powerful optical imaging method, offering near-zero background, high sensitivity, and no photobleaching or phototoxicity. This review highlights recent advancements in ECL imaging, emphasizing its ability to visualize biological entities and enhance analytical performance through complex and multiplexed bioassays. ECL provides spatial and optical information about chemical reactivity, aiding in the study of nanomaterials and improving diagnostic and electrocatalytic applications. It also enables imaging at the single-molecule, single-photon, or single-chemical-reaction level, with challenges in translating ECL advances to fields like material science, catalysis, and biology. ECL operates by generating an excited state through electrochemical reactions, which then emits light. The process involves a coreactant that facilitates the excitation of a luminophore, such as [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺, leading to light emission. ECL imaging modes include ECL⁺, where bright objects are imaged against a dark background, and ECL⁻, where dark objects are imaged against a bright background. These modes provide complementary information about biological systems and enable label-free imaging. Recent developments in ECL microscopy include super-resolution imaging with 100-nm resolution, deep learning-enhanced imaging for faster processing, and ECL waveguides for contactless analysis. Original strategies for wireless ECL generation and remote readout have been developed, along with techniques like through-space ECL for imaging distant entities. ECL has been applied to single-cell analysis, mitochondrial imaging, and the study of biomolecules on tissue sections, offering high sensitivity and resolution. ECL has also been used to image single photons and molecules, with recent advances in single-photon ECL microscopy and super-resolution ECL. These techniques enable the visualization of dynamic processes and provide insights into cellular and molecular interactions. The future of ECL microscopy lies in improving sensitivity, resolution, and accessibility, with potential applications in electrocatalysis, analytical chemistry, and cellular biology. The integration of ECL with other imaging techniques and the development of new luminophores and coreactants will further enhance its capabilities.Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy has evolved from an analytical technique into a powerful optical imaging method, offering near-zero background, high sensitivity, and no photobleaching or phototoxicity. This review highlights recent advancements in ECL imaging, emphasizing its ability to visualize biological entities and enhance analytical performance through complex and multiplexed bioassays. ECL provides spatial and optical information about chemical reactivity, aiding in the study of nanomaterials and improving diagnostic and electrocatalytic applications. It also enables imaging at the single-molecule, single-photon, or single-chemical-reaction level, with challenges in translating ECL advances to fields like material science, catalysis, and biology. ECL operates by generating an excited state through electrochemical reactions, which then emits light. The process involves a coreactant that facilitates the excitation of a luminophore, such as [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺, leading to light emission. ECL imaging modes include ECL⁺, where bright objects are imaged against a dark background, and ECL⁻, where dark objects are imaged against a bright background. These modes provide complementary information about biological systems and enable label-free imaging. Recent developments in ECL microscopy include super-resolution imaging with 100-nm resolution, deep learning-enhanced imaging for faster processing, and ECL waveguides for contactless analysis. Original strategies for wireless ECL generation and remote readout have been developed, along with techniques like through-space ECL for imaging distant entities. ECL has been applied to single-cell analysis, mitochondrial imaging, and the study of biomolecules on tissue sections, offering high sensitivity and resolution. ECL has also been used to image single photons and molecules, with recent advances in single-photon ECL microscopy and super-resolution ECL. These techniques enable the visualization of dynamic processes and provide insights into cellular and molecular interactions. The future of ECL microscopy lies in improving sensitivity, resolution, and accessibility, with potential applications in electrocatalysis, analytical chemistry, and cellular biology. The integration of ECL with other imaging techniques and the development of new luminophores and coreactants will further enhance its capabilities.