This book aims to fill gaps in the literature on South Africa's democratization in the late 20th century by examining the transition from a popular-nationalist anti-apartheid project to official neoliberalism. It argues that this transition was rapid and extreme, occurring over a short period of time, and explores the forces that drove this process. The author critiques the new government's adherence to free-market economic principles and narrow definitions of democracy, which deviated from the liberation movement's mandate. The book discusses the ineffectual economic crisis management, the social contract philosophy, post-election conservatism in social and developmental policy-making, and the pernicious influence of international financial institutions. It also examines the implications of the global financial crisis for South Africa's position and the broader global context. The author emphasizes the need for greater political accountability and the reconstruction of mass democratic movements to articulate a vision for a society and economy beyond decaying world capitalism. The book highlights the enduring relevance of Marxist theories of uneven development and the role of finance in exacerbating economic crises.This book aims to fill gaps in the literature on South Africa's democratization in the late 20th century by examining the transition from a popular-nationalist anti-apartheid project to official neoliberalism. It argues that this transition was rapid and extreme, occurring over a short period of time, and explores the forces that drove this process. The author critiques the new government's adherence to free-market economic principles and narrow definitions of democracy, which deviated from the liberation movement's mandate. The book discusses the ineffectual economic crisis management, the social contract philosophy, post-election conservatism in social and developmental policy-making, and the pernicious influence of international financial institutions. It also examines the implications of the global financial crisis for South Africa's position and the broader global context. The author emphasizes the need for greater political accountability and the reconstruction of mass democratic movements to articulate a vision for a society and economy beyond decaying world capitalism. The book highlights the enduring relevance of Marxist theories of uneven development and the role of finance in exacerbating economic crises.