Emergence of large-scale cell death through ferroptotic trigger waves

Emergence of large-scale cell death through ferroptotic trigger waves

18 July 2024 | Hannah K. C. Co, Chia-Chou Wu, Yi-Chen Lee & Sheng-hong Chen
Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, can propagate across human cells over long distances through reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger waves. This study demonstrates that ferroptosis spreads in a coordinated manner, with waves propagating at a constant speed (around 5.5 μm min⁻¹) over distances of ≥5 mm. The propagation is controlled by ROS feedback loops, including the Fenton reaction, NADPH oxidase signaling, and glutathione synthesis. These loops convert cellular redox systems from monostable to bistable, enabling the propagation of ferroptotic waves. The study also shows that ferroptosis plays a role in tissue sculpting during embryonic muscle remodeling in avian limbs, where massive, spatially restricted cell death occurs. Ferroptotic waves are supported by spatial coupling mechanisms, such as the diffusion of ROS molecules, and are amplified by ROS feedback loops. The findings highlight the role of ferroptosis in coordinating large-scale cell death events during development and in pathological conditions. The study provides a framework for understanding how ferroptosis contributes to tissue remodeling and cell death in embryonic development and human pathologies.Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, can propagate across human cells over long distances through reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger waves. This study demonstrates that ferroptosis spreads in a coordinated manner, with waves propagating at a constant speed (around 5.5 μm min⁻¹) over distances of ≥5 mm. The propagation is controlled by ROS feedback loops, including the Fenton reaction, NADPH oxidase signaling, and glutathione synthesis. These loops convert cellular redox systems from monostable to bistable, enabling the propagation of ferroptotic waves. The study also shows that ferroptosis plays a role in tissue sculpting during embryonic muscle remodeling in avian limbs, where massive, spatially restricted cell death occurs. Ferroptotic waves are supported by spatial coupling mechanisms, such as the diffusion of ROS molecules, and are amplified by ROS feedback loops. The findings highlight the role of ferroptosis in coordinating large-scale cell death events during development and in pathological conditions. The study provides a framework for understanding how ferroptosis contributes to tissue remodeling and cell death in embryonic development and human pathologies.
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[slides and audio] Emergence of large-scale cell death through ferroptotic trigger waves