This study investigates the impact of compressive loading on the vertebral body and basivertebral vein using finite element analysis. The researchers created a 3D finite element model of the L4 vertebra, incorporating both adjacent discs, and introduced an octagon to represent the basivertebral vein. Four different loading conditions (uniform, anterior, posterior, and lateral) were applied with a compressive force of 1500 N. The results showed that the vertebral body volume decreased by about 0.1 cm³ (16.3% of the basivertebral vein volume) under these conditions. The maximum cross-sectional area reduction of the basivertebral vein was 1.54%, and the volume reduction was 1.02%. The study concludes that the volume changes in the vertebral body and basivertebral vein under compression could initiate retrograde blood flow, potentially leading to tumor or bacterial seeding in the spine. This finding provides a theoretical basis for understanding the high incidence of metastatic diseases and infections in the spine.This study investigates the impact of compressive loading on the vertebral body and basivertebral vein using finite element analysis. The researchers created a 3D finite element model of the L4 vertebra, incorporating both adjacent discs, and introduced an octagon to represent the basivertebral vein. Four different loading conditions (uniform, anterior, posterior, and lateral) were applied with a compressive force of 1500 N. The results showed that the vertebral body volume decreased by about 0.1 cm³ (16.3% of the basivertebral vein volume) under these conditions. The maximum cross-sectional area reduction of the basivertebral vein was 1.54%, and the volume reduction was 1.02%. The study concludes that the volume changes in the vertebral body and basivertebral vein under compression could initiate retrograde blood flow, potentially leading to tumor or bacterial seeding in the spine. This finding provides a theoretical basis for understanding the high incidence of metastatic diseases and infections in the spine.