This study investigates how compressive loading at the end plate of the vertebral body affects the volume and deformation of the basivertebral vein. Using a three-dimensional finite element model of the L4 vertebra, the researchers simulated four different compressive loading conditions (uniform, anterior, posterior, and lateral) with a force of 1500 N applied to the top disc. The model included an octagon representing the basivertebral vein. The results showed that the vertebral body volume decreased by approximately 0.1 cm³ under compression, which is about 16.3% of the basivertebral vein's volume. The basivertebral vein's cross-sectional area also decreased, with the maximum reduction being 1.54% under uniform compression. These findings suggest that compressive loading at the end plate causes a significant volume change in the vertebral body and the basivertebral vein. This volume change could lead to retrograde flow of blood from the epidural venous system, potentially causing tumor or bacterial seeding in the spine. The study highlights the importance of the basivertebral vein in the venous drainage system of the spine and its role in the spread of metastatic diseases. The results also indicate that the deformation of the vertebral body and the basivertebral vein could function as a mechanism for reversing blood flow, which may contribute to the high incidence of spinal metastases. The study's findings have implications for understanding the biomechanics of the spine and the pathogenesis of spinal metastases.This study investigates how compressive loading at the end plate of the vertebral body affects the volume and deformation of the basivertebral vein. Using a three-dimensional finite element model of the L4 vertebra, the researchers simulated four different compressive loading conditions (uniform, anterior, posterior, and lateral) with a force of 1500 N applied to the top disc. The model included an octagon representing the basivertebral vein. The results showed that the vertebral body volume decreased by approximately 0.1 cm³ under compression, which is about 16.3% of the basivertebral vein's volume. The basivertebral vein's cross-sectional area also decreased, with the maximum reduction being 1.54% under uniform compression. These findings suggest that compressive loading at the end plate causes a significant volume change in the vertebral body and the basivertebral vein. This volume change could lead to retrograde flow of blood from the epidural venous system, potentially causing tumor or bacterial seeding in the spine. The study highlights the importance of the basivertebral vein in the venous drainage system of the spine and its role in the spread of metastatic diseases. The results also indicate that the deformation of the vertebral body and the basivertebral vein could function as a mechanism for reversing blood flow, which may contribute to the high incidence of spinal metastases. The study's findings have implications for understanding the biomechanics of the spine and the pathogenesis of spinal metastases.