Environmental obesogens are chemicals that can disrupt lipid metabolism and induce obesity by interfering with nuclear receptors, epigenetic modifications, and other biological pathways. Over 50 chemicals with high human exposure levels have been identified as environmental obesogens, including organotins, dioxins, phthalates, flame retardants, PFASs, and others. These chemicals can affect lipid metabolism through various mechanisms, such as altering gene expression, modifying epigenetic patterns, and disrupting hormonal signaling. Environmental obesogens are found in various environmental media, including water, soil, and air, and can be exposed through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Human exposure levels have been measured in breast milk, blood, and urine, and studies have shown correlations between obesogen exposure and obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disorders. Factors such as transgenerational effects, gender differences, and dietary habits can influence the impact of obesogens on lipid metabolism. Research approaches include in vitro experiments, animal studies, molecular docking, and epidemiological studies. These methods help identify potential obesogens and understand their mechanisms of action. Future research should focus on improving the identification of new obesogens and understanding their long-term effects on human health.Environmental obesogens are chemicals that can disrupt lipid metabolism and induce obesity by interfering with nuclear receptors, epigenetic modifications, and other biological pathways. Over 50 chemicals with high human exposure levels have been identified as environmental obesogens, including organotins, dioxins, phthalates, flame retardants, PFASs, and others. These chemicals can affect lipid metabolism through various mechanisms, such as altering gene expression, modifying epigenetic patterns, and disrupting hormonal signaling. Environmental obesogens are found in various environmental media, including water, soil, and air, and can be exposed through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Human exposure levels have been measured in breast milk, blood, and urine, and studies have shown correlations between obesogen exposure and obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disorders. Factors such as transgenerational effects, gender differences, and dietary habits can influence the impact of obesogens on lipid metabolism. Research approaches include in vitro experiments, animal studies, molecular docking, and epidemiological studies. These methods help identify potential obesogens and understand their mechanisms of action. Future research should focus on improving the identification of new obesogens and understanding their long-term effects on human health.