Environmental and Economic Clustering of Indonesian Provinces: Insights from K-Means Analysis

Environmental and Economic Clustering of Indonesian Provinces: Insights from K-Means Analysis

2024 | Teuku Rizky Noviandy, Irsan Hardi, Zahriah Zahriah, Rahmi Sofyan, Novi Reandy Sasmita, lin Shabrina Hilal and Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
This study applies K-means clustering to 2022 data on the Air Quality Index (AQI), electricity consumption, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Indonesian provinces to identify environmental and economic clusters. The analysis reveals three distinct clusters, each with unique environmental and economic characteristics. Cluster 1 consists of provinces with moderate environmental quality and lower economic activity, requiring sustainable agricultural practices, eco-tourism, and renewable energy initiatives. Cluster 2 includes provinces with higher economic output and moderate environmental conditions, benefiting from smart urban planning, stricter environmental controls, and clean technologies. Cluster 3 comprises highly urbanized areas with robust economic growth, necessitating expanded green infrastructure, improved sustainable urban practices, and enhanced public transportation systems. These findings highlight the need for tailored policies to address the specific challenges and opportunities of each cluster, promoting balanced economic growth while preserving environmental integrity. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptation of policies to ensure long-term sustainability and resilience in Indonesia's diverse regions.This study applies K-means clustering to 2022 data on the Air Quality Index (AQI), electricity consumption, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Indonesian provinces to identify environmental and economic clusters. The analysis reveals three distinct clusters, each with unique environmental and economic characteristics. Cluster 1 consists of provinces with moderate environmental quality and lower economic activity, requiring sustainable agricultural practices, eco-tourism, and renewable energy initiatives. Cluster 2 includes provinces with higher economic output and moderate environmental conditions, benefiting from smart urban planning, stricter environmental controls, and clean technologies. Cluster 3 comprises highly urbanized areas with robust economic growth, necessitating expanded green infrastructure, improved sustainable urban practices, and enhanced public transportation systems. These findings highlight the need for tailored policies to address the specific challenges and opportunities of each cluster, promoting balanced economic growth while preserving environmental integrity. The study underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and adaptation of policies to ensure long-term sustainability and resilience in Indonesia's diverse regions.
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