This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence of the health effects of coarse airborne particles (CP), defined as particles larger than 2.5 μm but smaller than 10 μm. The review focuses on studies that have analyzed both fine and coarse particles jointly, examining their impact on mortality and morbidity. Time series studies have shown that coarse particles may have an independent effect on daily mortality in some urban areas, but the evidence is stronger for fine particles in most cases. Long-term studies have not found significant associations between coarse particles and survival. However, coarse particles have been found to have a stronger or comparable short-term effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and respiratory admissions compared to fine particles, suggesting they may trigger adverse lung responses leading to hospital admissions. There is also evidence of an association between coarse particles and cardiovascular admissions. The paper concludes that special attention should be given to studying and regulating coarse particles separately from fine particles due to their distinct sources, compositions, and health impacts.This paper reviews the epidemiological evidence of the health effects of coarse airborne particles (CP), defined as particles larger than 2.5 μm but smaller than 10 μm. The review focuses on studies that have analyzed both fine and coarse particles jointly, examining their impact on mortality and morbidity. Time series studies have shown that coarse particles may have an independent effect on daily mortality in some urban areas, but the evidence is stronger for fine particles in most cases. Long-term studies have not found significant associations between coarse particles and survival. However, coarse particles have been found to have a stronger or comparable short-term effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and respiratory admissions compared to fine particles, suggesting they may trigger adverse lung responses leading to hospital admissions. There is also evidence of an association between coarse particles and cardiovascular admissions. The paper concludes that special attention should be given to studying and regulating coarse particles separately from fine particles due to their distinct sources, compositions, and health impacts.