Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common movement disorder affecting 1–2 per 1000 of the population at any time, with a prevalence of 1% in those over 60 years. The main neuropathological feature is the presence of α-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to reduced voluntary movement. PD is characterized by three cardinal signs: tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Non-motor symptoms have gained increasing attention and are now included in the diagnostic criteria. The cause of PD is unknown in most cases, but genetic and environmental factors are associated with increased risk. Monogenic forms are rare, affecting 5–10% of patients, while environmental factors contribute to the overall risk. The revised diagnostic criteria aim to improve accuracy by defining supportive criteria, absolute exclusion criteria, and red flags. The prevalence of PD ranges from 100 to 200 per 100,000 people, with an annual incidence of about 15 per 100,000. Early-onset PD is rare, occurring in less than 5% of cases, and is more common in certain ethnic groups. The disease is slightly more frequent in men than women. The ongoing discussion focuses on whether the increasing occurrence of PD exceeds what can be attributed to aging.Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common movement disorder affecting 1–2 per 1000 of the population at any time, with a prevalence of 1% in those over 60 years. The main neuropathological feature is the presence of α-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to reduced voluntary movement. PD is characterized by three cardinal signs: tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Non-motor symptoms have gained increasing attention and are now included in the diagnostic criteria. The cause of PD is unknown in most cases, but genetic and environmental factors are associated with increased risk. Monogenic forms are rare, affecting 5–10% of patients, while environmental factors contribute to the overall risk. The revised diagnostic criteria aim to improve accuracy by defining supportive criteria, absolute exclusion criteria, and red flags. The prevalence of PD ranges from 100 to 200 per 100,000 people, with an annual incidence of about 15 per 100,000. Early-onset PD is rare, occurring in less than 5% of cases, and is more common in certain ethnic groups. The disease is slightly more frequent in men than women. The ongoing discussion focuses on whether the increasing occurrence of PD exceeds what can be attributed to aging.