Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. Despite recent progress in therapeutic approaches, more research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying AD. Epigenetic changes, particularly DNA methylation and histone modifications, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. These changes influence gene expression patterns and contribute to dysregulation of cellular processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The review examines the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications in AD, highlighting their impact on key pathological events. Techniques for assessing DNA methylation and histone modifications, including bisulfite sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, MeDIP-seq, and ChIP, are discussed. The review also explores the involvement of specific genes, such as *APP*, *PSEN1*, *MAPT*, and *APOE*, in AD pathogenesis through altered methylation status. Additionally, it covers histone modifications like acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitylation, and their effects on gene expression and cellular processes. Finally, the review discusses therapeutic opportunities, including the use of HDAC inhibitors and sirtuins, and emphasizes the need for further research to identify novel therapeutic targets.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss. Despite recent progress in therapeutic approaches, more research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying AD. Epigenetic changes, particularly DNA methylation and histone modifications, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. These changes influence gene expression patterns and contribute to dysregulation of cellular processes such as synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The review examines the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications in AD, highlighting their impact on key pathological events. Techniques for assessing DNA methylation and histone modifications, including bisulfite sequencing, methylation-specific PCR, MeDIP-seq, and ChIP, are discussed. The review also explores the involvement of specific genes, such as *APP*, *PSEN1*, *MAPT*, and *APOE*, in AD pathogenesis through altered methylation status. Additionally, it covers histone modifications like acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitylation, and their effects on gene expression and cellular processes. Finally, the review discusses therapeutic opportunities, including the use of HDAC inhibitors and sirtuins, and emphasizes the need for further research to identify novel therapeutic targets.