The article reviews the role of epigenetics in cancer, focusing on DNA methylation and histone modifications. DNA methylation, particularly the hypermethylation of CpG islands in tumor suppressor genes, is a key mechanism in cancer development. This process can lead to gene silencing and chromosomal instability. Histone modifications, such as acetylation and methylation, also play crucial roles in regulating gene expression and are altered in cancer cells. The review discusses the potential clinical applications of epigenetic markers, including their use as diagnostic tools, prognostic factors, and predictors of treatment responses. Additionally, it explores epigenetic therapies, such as DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors, which aim to reactivate tumor suppressor genes and restore normal cellular functions. The article highlights the reversible nature of epigenetic changes, suggesting that these alterations may be targeted for therapeutic intervention.The article reviews the role of epigenetics in cancer, focusing on DNA methylation and histone modifications. DNA methylation, particularly the hypermethylation of CpG islands in tumor suppressor genes, is a key mechanism in cancer development. This process can lead to gene silencing and chromosomal instability. Histone modifications, such as acetylation and methylation, also play crucial roles in regulating gene expression and are altered in cancer cells. The review discusses the potential clinical applications of epigenetic markers, including their use as diagnostic tools, prognostic factors, and predictors of treatment responses. Additionally, it explores epigenetic therapies, such as DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors, which aim to reactivate tumor suppressor genes and restore normal cellular functions. The article highlights the reversible nature of epigenetic changes, suggesting that these alterations may be targeted for therapeutic intervention.