This case report presents a 57-year-old male diagnosed with a major depressive episode characterized by catatonic features. The patient exhibited neuropsychiatric symptoms including ideational poverty, mutism, akinesia, rigidity of the extremities, fine distal tremor, and decreased blinking. He refused to eat and remained in a fixed sitting position, which were key elements for clinical suspicion and timely diagnosis. The patient was initially treated with midazolam and then titrated to Lorazepam, showing improvement. After five weeks of hospitalization, he was discharged with antidepressants and standard doses of benzodiazepines, which were gradually tapered off without recurrence of symptoms over a year of follow-up. The report highlights that catatonia can be caused by affective disorders, which are rare in clinical practice and often go unnoticed. Knowledge of this condition is crucial for timely management, reducing healthcare resource expenditure, and improving the patient's quality of life. The case also emphasizes the importance of cyanocobalamine in the evaluation of patients with catatonic symptoms. Keywords: catatonia; depression; catatonia secondary to depression; secondary affective syndrome; organic mental disorder; Bush-Francis score; Cyanocobalamine.This case report presents a 57-year-old male diagnosed with a major depressive episode characterized by catatonic features. The patient exhibited neuropsychiatric symptoms including ideational poverty, mutism, akinesia, rigidity of the extremities, fine distal tremor, and decreased blinking. He refused to eat and remained in a fixed sitting position, which were key elements for clinical suspicion and timely diagnosis. The patient was initially treated with midazolam and then titrated to Lorazepam, showing improvement. After five weeks of hospitalization, he was discharged with antidepressants and standard doses of benzodiazepines, which were gradually tapered off without recurrence of symptoms over a year of follow-up. The report highlights that catatonia can be caused by affective disorders, which are rare in clinical practice and often go unnoticed. Knowledge of this condition is crucial for timely management, reducing healthcare resource expenditure, and improving the patient's quality of life. The case also emphasizes the importance of cyanocobalamine in the evaluation of patients with catatonic symptoms. Keywords: catatonia; depression; catatonia secondary to depression; secondary affective syndrome; organic mental disorder; Bush-Francis score; Cyanocobalamine.