Epitaxial Growth of Two-Dimensional Stanene

Epitaxial Growth of Two-Dimensional Stanene

| Fengfeng Zhu†‡, Wei-jiong Chen†‡, Yong Xu2,3‡, Chun-lei Gao1,4, Dan-dan Guan1,4, Canhua Liu1,4, Dong Qian1,4*, Shou-Cheng Zhang2,3†, Jin-feng Jia1,4*
This paper reports the successful fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) stanene by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on a Bi₂Te₃(111) substrate. Stanene, a 2D allotrope of tin with a graphene-like structure, has unique electronic properties, including the potential for large-gap topological insulators, enhanced thermoelectric performance, and near-room-temperature quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. The atomic and electronic structures of the 2D stanene were determined using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. STM images revealed a buckled honeycomb lattice with a height difference of about 0.1 nm between the top and bottom tin atoms. ARPES spectra showed the appearance of hole bands around the Γ point, indicating the formation of a 2D topological insulator. The band structure calculations confirmed the metallic nature of stanene under compressive strain from the substrate, with the possibility of gapping through chemical functionalization. The study opens new avenues for exploring the properties of 2D stanene and its potential applications in condensed matter physics and materials science.This paper reports the successful fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) stanene by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on a Bi₂Te₃(111) substrate. Stanene, a 2D allotrope of tin with a graphene-like structure, has unique electronic properties, including the potential for large-gap topological insulators, enhanced thermoelectric performance, and near-room-temperature quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect. The atomic and electronic structures of the 2D stanene were determined using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. STM images revealed a buckled honeycomb lattice with a height difference of about 0.1 nm between the top and bottom tin atoms. ARPES spectra showed the appearance of hole bands around the Γ point, indicating the formation of a 2D topological insulator. The band structure calculations confirmed the metallic nature of stanene under compressive strain from the substrate, with the possibility of gapping through chemical functionalization. The study opens new avenues for exploring the properties of 2D stanene and its potential applications in condensed matter physics and materials science.
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