Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis?

Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis?

13 June 2014 | Trisha Greenhalgh and colleagues
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has had significant benefits but also faced challenges, including distortion of its principles by vested interests, an overwhelming volume of evidence, and a shift from treating disease to managing risk. The authors argue that EBM needs to return to its core principles of individualized care, shared decision-making, and a focus on the patient's needs rather than rigid rules. They suggest that EBM should prioritize the ethical care of individual patients, use evidence that is understandable and applicable to real-world situations, and involve patients in decision-making through meaningful conversations. The movement should also align with professional and relationship-based care, emphasizing the human aspects of treatment. To achieve this, EBM must be more flexible, incorporating expert judgment and adapting to individual circumstances. The authors call for a reorientation of training to focus on critical appraisal, shared decision-making, and the practical application of evidence. They also emphasize the need for usable, not just robust, evidence, and for publishers to raise standards to ensure evidence is accessible and applicable. Research should be broader and more interdisciplinary, addressing the experience of illness, the interpretation of evidence, and the negotiation of evidence between clinicians and patients. The authors conclude that EBM must evolve to address the complexities of modern healthcare, ensuring that evidence is used to improve individual patient care while considering the broader context of public health.Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has had significant benefits but also faced challenges, including distortion of its principles by vested interests, an overwhelming volume of evidence, and a shift from treating disease to managing risk. The authors argue that EBM needs to return to its core principles of individualized care, shared decision-making, and a focus on the patient's needs rather than rigid rules. They suggest that EBM should prioritize the ethical care of individual patients, use evidence that is understandable and applicable to real-world situations, and involve patients in decision-making through meaningful conversations. The movement should also align with professional and relationship-based care, emphasizing the human aspects of treatment. To achieve this, EBM must be more flexible, incorporating expert judgment and adapting to individual circumstances. The authors call for a reorientation of training to focus on critical appraisal, shared decision-making, and the practical application of evidence. They also emphasize the need for usable, not just robust, evidence, and for publishers to raise standards to ensure evidence is accessible and applicable. Research should be broader and more interdisciplinary, addressing the experience of illness, the interpretation of evidence, and the negotiation of evidence between clinicians and patients. The authors conclude that EBM must evolve to address the complexities of modern healthcare, ensuring that evidence is used to improve individual patient care while considering the broader context of public health.
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