Evidence of the quantum-optical nature of high-harmonic generation

Evidence of the quantum-optical nature of high-harmonic generation

6 Jun 2024 | David Theidel, Viviane Cotte, René Sondenheimer, Viktoriia Shiriaeva, Marie Froidevaux, Vladislav Severin, Adam Merdji-Larue, Philip Mosel, Sven Fröhlich, Kim-Alessandro Weber, Uwe Morgner, Milutin Kovacev, Jens Biegert, Hamed Merdji
This paper investigates the quantum optical properties of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in semiconductors, demonstrating that HHG can produce non-classical states of light with unique features such as multipartite broadband entanglement and multimode squeezing. The study uses a femtosecond infrared laser to excite semiconductors like Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), and Silicon (Si), and measures the second-order intensity correlation function to analyze the photon statistics. The results show that the harmonic photons exhibit super-bunching, transitioning from Super-Poissonian to Poissonian statistics as the laser intensity increases. This transition is associated with two-mode squeezing, as evidenced by the violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, which indicates multipartite entanglement. The theoretical analysis supports these findings, showing that the interaction Hamiltonian of HHG in semiconductors can induce single-mode and two-mode squeezing. The study highlights the potential of HHG as a quantum optical platform for applications in quantum information, communication, and sensing.This paper investigates the quantum optical properties of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in semiconductors, demonstrating that HHG can produce non-classical states of light with unique features such as multipartite broadband entanglement and multimode squeezing. The study uses a femtosecond infrared laser to excite semiconductors like Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), and Silicon (Si), and measures the second-order intensity correlation function to analyze the photon statistics. The results show that the harmonic photons exhibit super-bunching, transitioning from Super-Poissonian to Poissonian statistics as the laser intensity increases. This transition is associated with two-mode squeezing, as evidenced by the violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, which indicates multipartite entanglement. The theoretical analysis supports these findings, showing that the interaction Hamiltonian of HHG in semiconductors can induce single-mode and two-mode squeezing. The study highlights the potential of HHG as a quantum optical platform for applications in quantum information, communication, and sensing.
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