This review explores the role of exosomes in skin photoaging, a condition characterized by premature aging due to repeated exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, are involved in various biological processes and have therapeutic potential in anti-aging. The review highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying photoaging, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence, and discusses the anti-aging effects of exosomes. Stem cell-derived exosomes, such as those from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs), adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are particularly promising for treating photoaging. These exosomes can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation, while promoting collagen production and wound healing. The review also examines the clinical applicability of exosomes, noting their potential as drug delivery vehicles and their ability to modulate cellular processes. Despite the promising preclinical findings, more research is needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential and clinical value of exosomes in skin treatment.This review explores the role of exosomes in skin photoaging, a condition characterized by premature aging due to repeated exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, are involved in various biological processes and have therapeutic potential in anti-aging. The review highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying photoaging, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and senescence, and discusses the anti-aging effects of exosomes. Stem cell-derived exosomes, such as those from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs), adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are particularly promising for treating photoaging. These exosomes can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation, while promoting collagen production and wound healing. The review also examines the clinical applicability of exosomes, noting their potential as drug delivery vehicles and their ability to modulate cellular processes. Despite the promising preclinical findings, more research is needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential and clinical value of exosomes in skin treatment.