Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects.

Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects.

| Brian Julsgaard, Alexander Kozhekin, and Eugene S. Polzik
This paper presents an experimental demonstration of long-lived entanglement between two macroscopic objects, each containing about 10^12 cesium atoms. The entanglement is generated through a non-local Bell measurement on the collective spins of two gas samples using a light pulse. The entangled spin state is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds, demonstrating robust, long-lived entanglement of material objects, which is expected to be useful for quantum information processing, including teleportation of quantum states and quantum memory. Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, where the quantum state of a system cannot be described as a product of the states of its subsystems. It is considered inseparable and nonlocal. While entanglement is typically observed in small systems of microscopic particles, this experiment demonstrates entanglement at the macroscopic level. The entangled state is characterized by spin variances smaller than those of coherent spin states (CSS), which are vital for quantum information processing. The experiment involves two cesium gas samples, each with a large spin polarization along the x-axis. A polarized light pulse is used to perform a non-local Bell measurement on the spins of the samples. The entanglement is verified by measuring the variance of the photocurrent, which shows that the entangled state of the two samples is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds. The results demonstrate that the entangled state is below the CSS limit, indicating that it is entangled. The entanglement is produced via interaction of atoms with polarized light. The experiment uses a light pulse to measure the spin components of the two samples, and the results show that the entangled state is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds. The degree of entanglement is calculated based on the variance of the photocurrent, and the results show that the entangled state has a degree of entanglement of about 35%. However, when considering the initial CSS state, the degree of entanglement is higher, around 52%. The long lifetime of the entanglement is due to the high symmetry of the generated state. The entanglement is generated through light propagating through the two samples, allowing the samples to be distant. The off-resonant interaction used for entanglement creation allows for potential extension of this method to other media, including solid-state samples with long-lived spin states. The results demonstrate the feasibility of generating and verifying entanglement between two macroscopic objects, which has implications for quantum information processing and teleportation.This paper presents an experimental demonstration of long-lived entanglement between two macroscopic objects, each containing about 10^12 cesium atoms. The entanglement is generated through a non-local Bell measurement on the collective spins of two gas samples using a light pulse. The entangled spin state is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds, demonstrating robust, long-lived entanglement of material objects, which is expected to be useful for quantum information processing, including teleportation of quantum states and quantum memory. Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, where the quantum state of a system cannot be described as a product of the states of its subsystems. It is considered inseparable and nonlocal. While entanglement is typically observed in small systems of microscopic particles, this experiment demonstrates entanglement at the macroscopic level. The entangled state is characterized by spin variances smaller than those of coherent spin states (CSS), which are vital for quantum information processing. The experiment involves two cesium gas samples, each with a large spin polarization along the x-axis. A polarized light pulse is used to perform a non-local Bell measurement on the spins of the samples. The entanglement is verified by measuring the variance of the photocurrent, which shows that the entangled state of the two samples is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds. The results demonstrate that the entangled state is below the CSS limit, indicating that it is entangled. The entanglement is produced via interaction of atoms with polarized light. The experiment uses a light pulse to measure the spin components of the two samples, and the results show that the entangled state is maintained for 0.5 milliseconds. The degree of entanglement is calculated based on the variance of the photocurrent, and the results show that the entangled state has a degree of entanglement of about 35%. However, when considering the initial CSS state, the degree of entanglement is higher, around 52%. The long lifetime of the entanglement is due to the high symmetry of the generated state. The entanglement is generated through light propagating through the two samples, allowing the samples to be distant. The off-resonant interaction used for entanglement creation allows for potential extension of this method to other media, including solid-state samples with long-lived spin states. The results demonstrate the feasibility of generating and verifying entanglement between two macroscopic objects, which has implications for quantum information processing and teleportation.
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