| Yuanbo Zhang, Yan-Wen Tan, Horst L. Stormer & Philip Kim
The paper reports experimental observations of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) and Berry's phase in graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) material. Graphene, an isolated single atomic layer of graphite, exhibits unique electronic properties, including electron-hole degeneracy and vanishing carrier mass near the charge neutrality point. The authors used high mobility graphene samples extracted from Kish graphite on doped Si wafers to investigate magneto-transport properties. By adjusting the chemical potential with an electric field, they observed an unusual half-integer QHE for both electron and hole carriers. The relevance of Berry's phase was confirmed through magneto-oscillations, which showed a phase shift close to 0.5, indicating the presence of non-zero Berry's phase and Dirac particles. The study also revealed a vanishing effective mass near the Dirac point, consistent with the linear dispersion relation and topological properties of graphene. These findings open up new avenues for carbon-based electronic and magneto-electronic device applications.The paper reports experimental observations of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) and Berry's phase in graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) material. Graphene, an isolated single atomic layer of graphite, exhibits unique electronic properties, including electron-hole degeneracy and vanishing carrier mass near the charge neutrality point. The authors used high mobility graphene samples extracted from Kish graphite on doped Si wafers to investigate magneto-transport properties. By adjusting the chemical potential with an electric field, they observed an unusual half-integer QHE for both electron and hole carriers. The relevance of Berry's phase was confirmed through magneto-oscillations, which showed a phase shift close to 0.5, indicating the presence of non-zero Berry's phase and Dirac particles. The study also revealed a vanishing effective mass near the Dirac point, consistent with the linear dispersion relation and topological properties of graphene. These findings open up new avenues for carbon-based electronic and magneto-electronic device applications.