The study explores the potential of biochar to achieve negative emissions and contribute to China's carbon neutrality goal. Biochar, a byproduct of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as a technology for carbon sequestration with additional benefits in soil quality and crop yield. However, uncertainties in the potential, cost, and deployment strategies of biochar systems at the national level have hindered its widespread adoption in China. The research conducts a spatially explicit analysis to investigate the negative emission potential, economics, and priority deployment sites of biochar derived from multiple feedstocks in China. The results show that biochar can achieve a negative emission potential of up to 0.92 billion tons of CO₂ per year with an average net cost of US$90 per ton of CO₂, which could satisfy the negative emission demands in most mitigation scenarios compatible with China's target of carbon neutrality by 2060. The study also identifies regions with high negative emission potential and economic viability, primarily in East China and Central and South China. The findings suggest that biochar is a promising option for achieving carbon neutrality goals in China and should be included in climate change mitigation strategies.The study explores the potential of biochar to achieve negative emissions and contribute to China's carbon neutrality goal. Biochar, a byproduct of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as a technology for carbon sequestration with additional benefits in soil quality and crop yield. However, uncertainties in the potential, cost, and deployment strategies of biochar systems at the national level have hindered its widespread adoption in China. The research conducts a spatially explicit analysis to investigate the negative emission potential, economics, and priority deployment sites of biochar derived from multiple feedstocks in China. The results show that biochar can achieve a negative emission potential of up to 0.92 billion tons of CO₂ per year with an average net cost of US$90 per ton of CO₂, which could satisfy the negative emission demands in most mitigation scenarios compatible with China's target of carbon neutrality by 2060. The study also identifies regions with high negative emission potential and economic viability, primarily in East China and Central and South China. The findings suggest that biochar is a promising option for achieving carbon neutrality goals in China and should be included in climate change mitigation strategies.