This study explores the influences of education, intelligence, and income on mental disorders using Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses. The researchers used genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets to assess the associations between these three psychosocial factors and 13 common mental disorders. Key findings include: 1. **Overall Effects**: Higher educational attainment (EA) was protective for eight mental disorders but increased the risk for anorexia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar disorder (BD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Higher intelligence was protective for five mental disorders but increased the risk for OCD and ASD. Higher household income protected against 10 mental disorders but increased the risk for anorexia nervosa. 2. **Independent Effects**: MVMR analysis revealed that higher EA was a direct risk factor for schizophrenia, BD, and ASD, but a protective factor for ADHD and insomnia. Higher intelligence was a direct risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) and ASD but a protective factor for schizophrenia. Higher income was a direct protective factor for seven mental disorders, including schizophrenia, BD, MDD, ASD, post-traumatic stress disorder, ADHD, and anxiety disorder. 3. **Genetic Correlations**: The three psychosocial factors showed strong and bidirectional causal associations with each other. Genetic correlations between EA, intelligence, and income were high and positive, while they were overall negative with mental disorders. 4. **Discussion**: The study highlights the complex interplay between EA, intelligence, and income on mental health. The protective effects of EA and intelligence on mental disorders are largely mediated by income. Higher EA and intelligence may not be beneficial for mental health if they do not translate into higher socioeconomic status. 5. **Limitations**: The study focuses on genetic liability and does not consider environmental factors. Pleiotropy and non-homogeneity in datasets may introduce biases. 6. **Implications**: The findings provide insights into the relationship between psychosocial factors and mental disorders, suggesting that socioeconomic status plays a crucial role in the protective or detrimental effects of EA, intelligence, and income on mental health. Overall, the study reveals a nuanced and complex relationship between education, intelligence, income, and mental disorders, emphasizing the importance of socioeconomic status in mediating these effects.This study explores the influences of education, intelligence, and income on mental disorders using Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses. The researchers used genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets to assess the associations between these three psychosocial factors and 13 common mental disorders. Key findings include: 1. **Overall Effects**: Higher educational attainment (EA) was protective for eight mental disorders but increased the risk for anorexia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar disorder (BD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Higher intelligence was protective for five mental disorders but increased the risk for OCD and ASD. Higher household income protected against 10 mental disorders but increased the risk for anorexia nervosa. 2. **Independent Effects**: MVMR analysis revealed that higher EA was a direct risk factor for schizophrenia, BD, and ASD, but a protective factor for ADHD and insomnia. Higher intelligence was a direct risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) and ASD but a protective factor for schizophrenia. Higher income was a direct protective factor for seven mental disorders, including schizophrenia, BD, MDD, ASD, post-traumatic stress disorder, ADHD, and anxiety disorder. 3. **Genetic Correlations**: The three psychosocial factors showed strong and bidirectional causal associations with each other. Genetic correlations between EA, intelligence, and income were high and positive, while they were overall negative with mental disorders. 4. **Discussion**: The study highlights the complex interplay between EA, intelligence, and income on mental health. The protective effects of EA and intelligence on mental disorders are largely mediated by income. Higher EA and intelligence may not be beneficial for mental health if they do not translate into higher socioeconomic status. 5. **Limitations**: The study focuses on genetic liability and does not consider environmental factors. Pleiotropy and non-homogeneity in datasets may introduce biases. 6. **Implications**: The findings provide insights into the relationship between psychosocial factors and mental disorders, suggesting that socioeconomic status plays a crucial role in the protective or detrimental effects of EA, intelligence, and income on mental health. Overall, the study reveals a nuanced and complex relationship between education, intelligence, income, and mental disorders, emphasizing the importance of socioeconomic status in mediating these effects.