2017 | Yun Yang, Xiaojuan Fan, Miaowei Mao, Xiaowei Song, Ping Wu, Yang Zhang, Yongfeng Jin, Yi Yang, Ling-Ling Chen, Yang Wang, Catherine CL Wong, Xinshu Xiao, Zefeng Wang
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are extensively translated in human cells due to N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modifications. This study reveals that m⁶A, the most abundant RNA modification, promotes efficient translation initiation from circRNAs. m⁶A motifs are enriched in circRNAs, and a single m⁶A site is sufficient to drive translation. This process requires eIF4G2 and m⁶A reader YTHDF3, and is enhanced by methyltransferase METTL3/14, inhibited by demethylase FTO, and upregulated under heat shock. Polysome profiling, computational prediction, and mass spectrometry show that m⁶A-driven translation of circRNAs is widespread, with hundreds of endogenous circRNAs having translation potential. The study expands the coding landscape of the human transcriptome and suggests a role for circRNA-derived proteins in cellular stress responses.
Keywords: N⁶-methyladenosine; circular RNA; cap-independent translation; eIF4G2
The study demonstrates that circRNAs containing m⁶A motifs are translated in human cells. m⁶A motifs are enriched in circRNAs, and a single m⁶A site is sufficient to drive translation. The translation requires eIF4G2 and YTHDF3, and is influenced by METTL3/14, FTO, and heat shock. Polysome profiling and mass spectrometry reveal that many circRNAs are translatable. The findings suggest that circRNAs can be translated into proteins, expanding the coding potential of the human transcriptome. The study highlights the role of m⁶A in circRNA translation and its implications for cellular stress responses.Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are extensively translated in human cells due to N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modifications. This study reveals that m⁶A, the most abundant RNA modification, promotes efficient translation initiation from circRNAs. m⁶A motifs are enriched in circRNAs, and a single m⁶A site is sufficient to drive translation. This process requires eIF4G2 and m⁶A reader YTHDF3, and is enhanced by methyltransferase METTL3/14, inhibited by demethylase FTO, and upregulated under heat shock. Polysome profiling, computational prediction, and mass spectrometry show that m⁶A-driven translation of circRNAs is widespread, with hundreds of endogenous circRNAs having translation potential. The study expands the coding landscape of the human transcriptome and suggests a role for circRNA-derived proteins in cellular stress responses.
Keywords: N⁶-methyladenosine; circular RNA; cap-independent translation; eIF4G2
The study demonstrates that circRNAs containing m⁶A motifs are translated in human cells. m⁶A motifs are enriched in circRNAs, and a single m⁶A site is sufficient to drive translation. The translation requires eIF4G2 and YTHDF3, and is influenced by METTL3/14, FTO, and heat shock. Polysome profiling and mass spectrometry reveal that many circRNAs are translatable. The findings suggest that circRNAs can be translated into proteins, expanding the coding potential of the human transcriptome. The study highlights the role of m⁶A in circRNA translation and its implications for cellular stress responses.