The article discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a next-generation drug delivery platform. EVs, which are small, lipid-bound nanoparticles, play crucial roles in various physiological processes and have been shown to be effective in delivering therapeutic payloads to specific cells or tissues. Compared to conventional synthetic carriers, EVs offer several advantages, including their ability to target specific cells and tissues, reduced immune clearance, and potential for long-distance delivery. However, the clinical translation of EV-based therapies remains challenging due to the complex nature of EVs and the lack of standardized methods for their isolation, characterization, and large-scale production. The authors highlight the unique biology and function of EVs, emphasizing their heterogeneity and the need for comprehensive characterization. They also discuss the development of EV-based drug carriers, including methods for loading EVs with drugs, assessing their safety and efficacy, and addressing issues such as immune responses and potential toxicity. The article outlines the current state of EV manufacturing, including upstream and downstream processes, and suggests guidelines for successful EV-mediated drug delivery. Despite the challenges, the authors argue that EVs have significant potential in drug delivery and suggest that advancements in analytical techniques and engineering may overcome these obstacles. They also discuss the use of autologous EVs in cancer treatment and the perspectives for future research and clinical applications. Overall, the article provides a critical overview of the current state and future prospects of EV-based drug delivery systems.The article discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a next-generation drug delivery platform. EVs, which are small, lipid-bound nanoparticles, play crucial roles in various physiological processes and have been shown to be effective in delivering therapeutic payloads to specific cells or tissues. Compared to conventional synthetic carriers, EVs offer several advantages, including their ability to target specific cells and tissues, reduced immune clearance, and potential for long-distance delivery. However, the clinical translation of EV-based therapies remains challenging due to the complex nature of EVs and the lack of standardized methods for their isolation, characterization, and large-scale production. The authors highlight the unique biology and function of EVs, emphasizing their heterogeneity and the need for comprehensive characterization. They also discuss the development of EV-based drug carriers, including methods for loading EVs with drugs, assessing their safety and efficacy, and addressing issues such as immune responses and potential toxicity. The article outlines the current state of EV manufacturing, including upstream and downstream processes, and suggests guidelines for successful EV-mediated drug delivery. Despite the challenges, the authors argue that EVs have significant potential in drug delivery and suggest that advancements in analytical techniques and engineering may overcome these obstacles. They also discuss the use of autologous EVs in cancer treatment and the perspectives for future research and clinical applications. Overall, the article provides a critical overview of the current state and future prospects of EV-based drug delivery systems.