The paper discusses the extraction, isolation, and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extracts. It highlights the importance of natural products in drug discovery due to their chemical diversity and therapeutic potential. The authors emphasize the challenges in extracting, isolating, and characterizing active ingredients from botanicals and herbal preparations, particularly in maintaining the integrity of the compounds during these processes. The paper reviews various extraction techniques, including traditional methods like Soxhlet extraction and modern techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. It also covers chromatographic techniques like thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which are crucial for separating and identifying bioactive compounds. Additionally, the paper discusses non-chromatographic techniques such as immunoassays and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for compound identification. The authors provide a comprehensive overview of the analytical methodologies used in the extraction, isolation, and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extracts, emphasizing the importance of these processes in drug development and clinical trials.The paper discusses the extraction, isolation, and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extracts. It highlights the importance of natural products in drug discovery due to their chemical diversity and therapeutic potential. The authors emphasize the challenges in extracting, isolating, and characterizing active ingredients from botanicals and herbal preparations, particularly in maintaining the integrity of the compounds during these processes. The paper reviews various extraction techniques, including traditional methods like Soxhlet extraction and modern techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. It also covers chromatographic techniques like thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which are crucial for separating and identifying bioactive compounds. Additionally, the paper discusses non-chromatographic techniques such as immunoassays and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for compound identification. The authors provide a comprehensive overview of the analytical methodologies used in the extraction, isolation, and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extracts, emphasizing the importance of these processes in drug development and clinical trials.