The article discusses the interaction of extremely high-intensity lasers with fundamental quantum systems, focusing on the effects of intense laser fields on electron dynamics, pair production, and quantum vacuum effects. It reviews recent advancements in laser technology, including optical and x-ray laser systems, which can reach intensities up to $10^{22}$ W/cm². These systems enable the study of relativistic quantum dynamics, quantum electrodynamics, and nuclear physics in extreme conditions. The article covers topics such as classical and quantum electron dynamics in laser fields, relativistic atomic dynamics, multiphoton scattering processes, radiation reaction, vacuum polarization, and electron-positron pair production. It also explores the potential of high-intensity laser facilities for nuclear and particle physics, including the development of laser-based colliders and the investigation of quantum vacuum structure. The review highlights the importance of these experiments for understanding fundamental physics, including the behavior of particles in extreme fields and the nature of the quantum vacuum. The article emphasizes the role of high-intensity lasers in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model and in exploring the limits of quantum electrodynamics.The article discusses the interaction of extremely high-intensity lasers with fundamental quantum systems, focusing on the effects of intense laser fields on electron dynamics, pair production, and quantum vacuum effects. It reviews recent advancements in laser technology, including optical and x-ray laser systems, which can reach intensities up to $10^{22}$ W/cm². These systems enable the study of relativistic quantum dynamics, quantum electrodynamics, and nuclear physics in extreme conditions. The article covers topics such as classical and quantum electron dynamics in laser fields, relativistic atomic dynamics, multiphoton scattering processes, radiation reaction, vacuum polarization, and electron-positron pair production. It also explores the potential of high-intensity laser facilities for nuclear and particle physics, including the development of laser-based colliders and the investigation of quantum vacuum structure. The review highlights the importance of these experiments for understanding fundamental physics, including the behavior of particles in extreme fields and the nature of the quantum vacuum. The article emphasizes the role of high-intensity lasers in probing new physics beyond the Standard Model and in exploring the limits of quantum electrodynamics.