The paper by Farroni et al. investigates the early development of eye contact detection in infants from birth. Two experiments were conducted to demonstrate that newborns and 4-month-old infants show a preference for direct eye contact and enhanced neural processing of faces with direct gaze. In the first experiment, 2- to 4-month-old infants were shown pairs of faces with direct and averted gaze, and they looked significantly longer and oriented more frequently towards the faces with direct gaze. In the second experiment, 4-month-old infants' brain electric activity was measured while they viewed faces with direct and averted gaze, revealing a more negative "infant N170" response to direct gaze. These findings suggest that human infants are born with a sensitivity to mutual gaze, which is crucial for the development of social skills and understanding others' mental states. The authors propose that this preference may be mediated by a mechanism that detects the presence and direction of eyes, rather than a specific neural module for eye-gaze detection.The paper by Farroni et al. investigates the early development of eye contact detection in infants from birth. Two experiments were conducted to demonstrate that newborns and 4-month-old infants show a preference for direct eye contact and enhanced neural processing of faces with direct gaze. In the first experiment, 2- to 4-month-old infants were shown pairs of faces with direct and averted gaze, and they looked significantly longer and oriented more frequently towards the faces with direct gaze. In the second experiment, 4-month-old infants' brain electric activity was measured while they viewed faces with direct and averted gaze, revealing a more negative "infant N170" response to direct gaze. These findings suggest that human infants are born with a sensitivity to mutual gaze, which is crucial for the development of social skills and understanding others' mental states. The authors propose that this preference may be mediated by a mechanism that detects the presence and direction of eyes, rather than a specific neural module for eye-gaze detection.