Factors influencing terpenoid extraction from natural sources include drying, extraction, and purification methods. Terpenoids, derived from isopentenyl pyrophosphate, are abundant secondary metabolites with industrial applications. Their extraction is affected by factors such as drying methods, which influence compound preservation and recovery. Drying methods like convection ovens, sun-drying, and lyophilization affect the recovery of terpenoids, with convection ovens often providing better results for certain compounds. Wet grinding is effective for high-polarity compounds, while dry grinding is preferred for low-to-intermediate polarity compounds. Extraction methods include Soxhlet, which is efficient but time-consuming, and unconventional methods like microwave and high-pressure extraction, which offer faster and equally effective results. Adsorption-based methods, such as solid-phase extraction, are useful for volatile compounds but may not be suitable for industrial-scale recovery. Non-heating methods like cold maceration and percolation are energy-efficient but less effective for certain compounds. Heating methods, including decoction and reflux, are used for non-volatile terpenoids. Unconventional methods like ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) offer improved efficiency and reduced extraction times. Pulsating electric fields (PEF) are also being explored for their ability to enhance compound recovery without heating. SFE is particularly effective for extracting thermolabile compounds and can be enhanced with co-solvents. Pressure variation methods, such as vacuum-assisted extraction, improve extraction efficiency by reducing process time. Overall, the choice of method depends on the compound's properties, desired recovery efficiency, and application requirements.Factors influencing terpenoid extraction from natural sources include drying, extraction, and purification methods. Terpenoids, derived from isopentenyl pyrophosphate, are abundant secondary metabolites with industrial applications. Their extraction is affected by factors such as drying methods, which influence compound preservation and recovery. Drying methods like convection ovens, sun-drying, and lyophilization affect the recovery of terpenoids, with convection ovens often providing better results for certain compounds. Wet grinding is effective for high-polarity compounds, while dry grinding is preferred for low-to-intermediate polarity compounds. Extraction methods include Soxhlet, which is efficient but time-consuming, and unconventional methods like microwave and high-pressure extraction, which offer faster and equally effective results. Adsorption-based methods, such as solid-phase extraction, are useful for volatile compounds but may not be suitable for industrial-scale recovery. Non-heating methods like cold maceration and percolation are energy-efficient but less effective for certain compounds. Heating methods, including decoction and reflux, are used for non-volatile terpenoids. Unconventional methods like ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) offer improved efficiency and reduced extraction times. Pulsating electric fields (PEF) are also being explored for their ability to enhance compound recovery without heating. SFE is particularly effective for extracting thermolabile compounds and can be enhanced with co-solvents. Pressure variation methods, such as vacuum-assisted extraction, improve extraction efficiency by reducing process time. Overall, the choice of method depends on the compound's properties, desired recovery efficiency, and application requirements.