The review article "Fatty Acid Metabolism of Immune Cells: A New Target of Tumour Immunotherapy" by Sheng Zhang, Keping Lv, Zhen Liu, Ran Zhao, and Fei Li explores the role of fatty acid metabolism in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. The authors highlight that metabolic competition between tumor cells and immune cells for limited nutrients is a key feature of the TME, influencing tumor immune escape. They discuss how tumor cells reprogram their metabolic pathways to cope with hypoxia and acidification, while immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, Treg cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics that affect their functions. Key points include: 1. **Metabolic Reprogramming**: Tumor cells reprogram their metabolism to survive and thrive in harsh conditions, while immune cells adapt to these conditions through various metabolic processes. 2. **Immune Cell Functions**: Immune cells rely on fatty acids for energy, signaling, and synthetic materials, which can influence their activation, differentiation, and effector functions. 3. **Therapeutic Potential**: Targeting fatty acid metabolism in immune cells shows promise in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and improving the efficacy of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and cancer vaccines. 4. **Combination Therapies**: Combining fatty acid metabolism targeting with other immunotherapy strategies may provide synergistic effects, improving the overall therapeutic outcome. The article also discusses specific mechanisms and pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as de novo synthesis, oxidation, and uptake, and their impact on immune cell functions. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex interactions between fatty acid metabolism and immune cell functions to develop more effective cancer immunotherapies.The review article "Fatty Acid Metabolism of Immune Cells: A New Target of Tumour Immunotherapy" by Sheng Zhang, Keping Lv, Zhen Liu, Ran Zhao, and Fei Li explores the role of fatty acid metabolism in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. The authors highlight that metabolic competition between tumor cells and immune cells for limited nutrients is a key feature of the TME, influencing tumor immune escape. They discuss how tumor cells reprogram their metabolic pathways to cope with hypoxia and acidification, while immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, Treg cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics that affect their functions. Key points include: 1. **Metabolic Reprogramming**: Tumor cells reprogram their metabolism to survive and thrive in harsh conditions, while immune cells adapt to these conditions through various metabolic processes. 2. **Immune Cell Functions**: Immune cells rely on fatty acids for energy, signaling, and synthetic materials, which can influence their activation, differentiation, and effector functions. 3. **Therapeutic Potential**: Targeting fatty acid metabolism in immune cells shows promise in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and improving the efficacy of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and cancer vaccines. 4. **Combination Therapies**: Combining fatty acid metabolism targeting with other immunotherapy strategies may provide synergistic effects, improving the overall therapeutic outcome. The article also discusses specific mechanisms and pathways involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as de novo synthesis, oxidation, and uptake, and their impact on immune cell functions. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex interactions between fatty acid metabolism and immune cell functions to develop more effective cancer immunotherapies.