Ahlam Albeladi, Zaheer Khan, Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti, Rajan Patel, Maqsood Ahmad Malik, and Shilpa Mehta synthesized and characterized Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. The nanocomposites were prepared using a solution combustion method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a template. The materials were analyzed using XRD, UV-vis DRS, FTIR, Raman, XPS, TEM, and SEM. XRD confirmed the crystallinity and purity of the samples. FTIR and Raman spectra indicated metal-oxygen bond formation. UV-vis DRS studies revealed bandgap energy and optical properties. TEM and SEM confirmed the morphology and size of the nanomaterials. Under visible light, the Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites showed 92% degradation of Methylene blue dye and excellent stability for multiple reuse cycles. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity due to the heterojunction between Fe₃O₄ and CdO, which improved charge separation and electron transport. The nanocomposite demonstrated effective degradation of MB dye under visible light, with a degradation rate of 92% after 120 minutes. The study also evaluated the effect of catalyst dosage, dye concentration, pH, and reusability. The nanocomposite showed optimal performance at 40 mg catalyst dosage, 30 ppm dye concentration, and pH 8. The nanocomposite was found to be recyclable, with degradation rates ranging from 78% to 92% after four cycles. The mechanism of degradation involved the generation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and holes. The nanocomposite's heterojunction structure facilitated efficient charge separation and long-lasting electron-hole distribution, enhancing its photocatalytic efficiency. The study highlights the potential of Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites as an effective and stable photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes.Ahlam Albeladi, Zaheer Khan, Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti, Rajan Patel, Maqsood Ahmad Malik, and Shilpa Mehta synthesized and characterized Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. The nanocomposites were prepared using a solution combustion method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a template. The materials were analyzed using XRD, UV-vis DRS, FTIR, Raman, XPS, TEM, and SEM. XRD confirmed the crystallinity and purity of the samples. FTIR and Raman spectra indicated metal-oxygen bond formation. UV-vis DRS studies revealed bandgap energy and optical properties. TEM and SEM confirmed the morphology and size of the nanomaterials. Under visible light, the Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites showed 92% degradation of Methylene blue dye and excellent stability for multiple reuse cycles. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity due to the heterojunction between Fe₃O₄ and CdO, which improved charge separation and electron transport. The nanocomposite demonstrated effective degradation of MB dye under visible light, with a degradation rate of 92% after 120 minutes. The study also evaluated the effect of catalyst dosage, dye concentration, pH, and reusability. The nanocomposite showed optimal performance at 40 mg catalyst dosage, 30 ppm dye concentration, and pH 8. The nanocomposite was found to be recyclable, with degradation rates ranging from 78% to 92% after four cycles. The mechanism of degradation involved the generation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and holes. The nanocomposite's heterojunction structure facilitated efficient charge separation and long-lasting electron-hole distribution, enhancing its photocatalytic efficiency. The study highlights the potential of Fe₃O₄-CdO nanocomposites as an effective and stable photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes.