This paper presents a systematic literature review of Fermatean Fuzzy Sets (FFS) to address the gaps in existing research. The review, conducted using the SPAR-4-SLR protocol, analyzes 135 relevant articles, focusing on methodologies, Aggregation Operators (AOs), linguistic sets, and extensions. The study reveals valuable insights, including the integration of linguistic variables with interval-valued FFS, enhancing decision-making environments. The review also identifies research gaps and future directions, offering structured recommendations for enhancing understanding and future studies. Key findings include the evolution of interest in FFS over time, the dominance of certain journals, and the practical applications of FFS in decision-making and pattern recognition. The paper concludes with a thematic analysis, identifying emerging trends and specific clusters in FFS research, and proposes future research directions to address identified gaps.This paper presents a systematic literature review of Fermatean Fuzzy Sets (FFS) to address the gaps in existing research. The review, conducted using the SPAR-4-SLR protocol, analyzes 135 relevant articles, focusing on methodologies, Aggregation Operators (AOs), linguistic sets, and extensions. The study reveals valuable insights, including the integration of linguistic variables with interval-valued FFS, enhancing decision-making environments. The review also identifies research gaps and future directions, offering structured recommendations for enhancing understanding and future studies. Key findings include the evolution of interest in FFS over time, the dominance of certain journals, and the practical applications of FFS in decision-making and pattern recognition. The paper concludes with a thematic analysis, identifying emerging trends and specific clusters in FFS research, and proposes future research directions to address identified gaps.