The article by Joanne Slavin discusses the health benefits of dietary fiber and prebiotics. Dietary fiber, originally defined as polysaccharides, now includes oligosaccharides based on their physiological effects. Prebiotics, selectively fermented ingredients that alter gut microflora, are primarily oligosaccharides that resist digestion in the small intestine and are fermented in the colon. Studies show that inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and resistant starch stimulate beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium. Prebiotics have been linked to reduced cardiovascular disease, lower body weight, improved gut health, and better immune function. The article also reviews the current understanding of fiber, the role of colonic microflora and fermentation, and the health benefits of fiber and prebiotics, including their effects on cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, laxation, appetite control, body weight, cancer, and immune function. It highlights the importance of consuming a variety of fiber sources and the need for more research on prebiotic intake.The article by Joanne Slavin discusses the health benefits of dietary fiber and prebiotics. Dietary fiber, originally defined as polysaccharides, now includes oligosaccharides based on their physiological effects. Prebiotics, selectively fermented ingredients that alter gut microflora, are primarily oligosaccharides that resist digestion in the small intestine and are fermented in the colon. Studies show that inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and resistant starch stimulate beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium. Prebiotics have been linked to reduced cardiovascular disease, lower body weight, improved gut health, and better immune function. The article also reviews the current understanding of fiber, the role of colonic microflora and fermentation, and the health benefits of fiber and prebiotics, including their effects on cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, laxation, appetite control, body weight, cancer, and immune function. It highlights the importance of consuming a variety of fiber sources and the need for more research on prebiotic intake.