This literature review examines the advancements in machine learning (ML) models for flood prediction, highlighting their role in reducing flood risks, policy suggestions, and minimizing human and property losses. The paper discusses the complexity of flood modeling and the benefits of ML methods in providing more accurate and cost-effective solutions. It reviews various ML algorithms, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and decision trees (DTs), and their applications in both short-term and long-term flood predictions. The review also explores the effectiveness of hybrid models that combine multiple ML techniques to improve prediction accuracy. The study identifies the most promising ML methods for flood prediction and discusses the trends in improving flood prediction models, such as data decomposition, algorithm ensemble, and model optimization. The paper aims to guide hydrologists and climate scientists in selecting appropriate ML methods for their specific prediction tasks.This literature review examines the advancements in machine learning (ML) models for flood prediction, highlighting their role in reducing flood risks, policy suggestions, and minimizing human and property losses. The paper discusses the complexity of flood modeling and the benefits of ML methods in providing more accurate and cost-effective solutions. It reviews various ML algorithms, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), and decision trees (DTs), and their applications in both short-term and long-term flood predictions. The review also explores the effectiveness of hybrid models that combine multiple ML techniques to improve prediction accuracy. The study identifies the most promising ML methods for flood prediction and discusses the trends in improving flood prediction models, such as data decomposition, algorithm ensemble, and model optimization. The paper aims to guide hydrologists and climate scientists in selecting appropriate ML methods for their specific prediction tasks.