Fractionalized excitations in the spin liquid state of a kagomé lattice antiferromagnet

Fractionalized excitations in the spin liquid state of a kagomé lattice antiferromagnet

July 19, 2013 | Tian-Heng Han, Joel S. Helton, Shaoyan Chu, Daniel G. Nocera, Jose A. Rodriguez-Rivera, Collin Broholm & Young S. Lee
This study reports neutron scattering measurements on single crystal samples of the spin-1/2 kagomé lattice antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2 (herbertsmithite), revealing evidence of a quantum spin liquid state. The results show a spinon continuum, indicating that spin excitations are fractionalized into deconfined spinons, a hallmark of quantum spin liquids. The spinon excitations form a continuous band, extending up to 11 meV, and are gapless over a wide range of wavevectors, suggesting no intrinsic spin gap. The data are consistent with a short-range resonating-valence-bond (RVB) state, where spin correlations extend beyond nearest neighbors. The spinon continuum is a key fingerprint of the quantum spin liquid state in herbertsmithite. The study also highlights the importance of spin liquid physics in high-temperature superconductivity and quantum information technologies. The results provide strong evidence that herbertsmithite is a quantum spin liquid, with spin correlations that are short-ranged but exhibit long-range quantum coherence. The findings support the theoretical prediction that the ground state of the spin-1/2 kagomé lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet is a quantum spin liquid. The study underscores the significance of neutron scattering in probing the spin correlations in herbertsmithite, offering insights into the nature of quantum spin liquids in two-dimensional magnetic systems.This study reports neutron scattering measurements on single crystal samples of the spin-1/2 kagomé lattice antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2 (herbertsmithite), revealing evidence of a quantum spin liquid state. The results show a spinon continuum, indicating that spin excitations are fractionalized into deconfined spinons, a hallmark of quantum spin liquids. The spinon excitations form a continuous band, extending up to 11 meV, and are gapless over a wide range of wavevectors, suggesting no intrinsic spin gap. The data are consistent with a short-range resonating-valence-bond (RVB) state, where spin correlations extend beyond nearest neighbors. The spinon continuum is a key fingerprint of the quantum spin liquid state in herbertsmithite. The study also highlights the importance of spin liquid physics in high-temperature superconductivity and quantum information technologies. The results provide strong evidence that herbertsmithite is a quantum spin liquid, with spin correlations that are short-ranged but exhibit long-range quantum coherence. The findings support the theoretical prediction that the ground state of the spin-1/2 kagomé lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet is a quantum spin liquid. The study underscores the significance of neutron scattering in probing the spin correlations in herbertsmithite, offering insights into the nature of quantum spin liquids in two-dimensional magnetic systems.
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