The study investigates the neurobiological basis of the framing effect, a phenomenon where human choices are influenced by how options are presented. Using fMRI and a financial decision-making task, researchers found that amygdala activity was specifically associated with the framing effect, suggesting an emotional system plays a key role in decision biases. Additionally, orbital and medial prefrontal cortex activity predicted reduced susceptibility to the framing effect, highlighting the importance of incorporating emotional processes in models of human choice. The framing effect challenges the assumption of rational decision-making, which assumes logical consistency regardless of presentation. However, empirical data show that human decisions are influenced by the way choices are framed. The study found that participants were risk-averse in the Gain frame and risk-seeking in the Loss frame, consistent with prospect theory. Reaction times were not affected by framing, indicating that the difficulty of decisions was similar in both frames. When subjects made decisions that ran counter to their general behavioral tendency, there was enhanced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, suggesting a conflict between analytic and emotional systems. The study also found that individuals with greater susceptibility to the framing effect showed reduced activity in the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, while those who acted more rationally exhibited greater activation in these regions. The findings suggest that the amygdala plays a central role in mediating the framing effect, incorporating emotional information into decision-making. The study supports the hypothesis that the framing effect is driven by an affect heuristic underwritten by an emotional system. The results also highlight the role of the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex in modulating the effect of emotional biases to approximate rationality. The study provides a neurobiological account of the framing effect, both within and across individuals, and supports an emerging role for the amygdala in decision-making.The study investigates the neurobiological basis of the framing effect, a phenomenon where human choices are influenced by how options are presented. Using fMRI and a financial decision-making task, researchers found that amygdala activity was specifically associated with the framing effect, suggesting an emotional system plays a key role in decision biases. Additionally, orbital and medial prefrontal cortex activity predicted reduced susceptibility to the framing effect, highlighting the importance of incorporating emotional processes in models of human choice. The framing effect challenges the assumption of rational decision-making, which assumes logical consistency regardless of presentation. However, empirical data show that human decisions are influenced by the way choices are framed. The study found that participants were risk-averse in the Gain frame and risk-seeking in the Loss frame, consistent with prospect theory. Reaction times were not affected by framing, indicating that the difficulty of decisions was similar in both frames. When subjects made decisions that ran counter to their general behavioral tendency, there was enhanced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, suggesting a conflict between analytic and emotional systems. The study also found that individuals with greater susceptibility to the framing effect showed reduced activity in the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, while those who acted more rationally exhibited greater activation in these regions. The findings suggest that the amygdala plays a central role in mediating the framing effect, incorporating emotional information into decision-making. The study supports the hypothesis that the framing effect is driven by an affect heuristic underwritten by an emotional system. The results also highlight the role of the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex in modulating the effect of emotional biases to approximate rationality. The study provides a neurobiological account of the framing effect, both within and across individuals, and supports an emerging role for the amygdala in decision-making.