Frequency-encoded eye tracking smart contact lens for human-machine interaction

Frequency-encoded eye tracking smart contact lens for human-machine interaction

27 April 2024 | Hengtian Zhu1,7, Huan Yang1,7, Siqi Xu2,7, Yuanyuan Ma3, Shugeng Zhu1, Zhengyi Mao1, Weiwei Chen1,4,5, Zizhong Hu2, Rongrong Pan3, Yurui Xu1,4,5, Yifeng Xiong1, Ye Chen1,6, Yanqing Lu1,6, Xinghai Ning1,4,5, Dechen Jiang1,5, Songtao Yuan2 & Fei Xu1,5
This paper presents a miniature, imperceptible, and biocompatible smart contact lens (SCL) designed for in-situ eye tracking and wireless eye-machine interaction. The SCL employs frequency encoding to detect eye movements and closures, achieving an angular accuracy of <0.5°, which is even better than the central fovea's vision range. It supports multiple applications, including eye-drawing, games, web interaction, camera control, and robot vehicle control. Comprehensive biocompatibility tests, including cytotoxicity and eye irritation assessments, demonstrate low cytotoxicity and minimal eye irritation. The SCL is expected to enhance eye tracking techniques and promote the development of human-machine interaction technology. The paper also includes detailed design, characterization, and experimental results, showcasing the SCL's performance in various tests and its potential for practical applications.This paper presents a miniature, imperceptible, and biocompatible smart contact lens (SCL) designed for in-situ eye tracking and wireless eye-machine interaction. The SCL employs frequency encoding to detect eye movements and closures, achieving an angular accuracy of <0.5°, which is even better than the central fovea's vision range. It supports multiple applications, including eye-drawing, games, web interaction, camera control, and robot vehicle control. Comprehensive biocompatibility tests, including cytotoxicity and eye irritation assessments, demonstrate low cytotoxicity and minimal eye irritation. The SCL is expected to enhance eye tracking techniques and promote the development of human-machine interaction technology. The paper also includes detailed design, characterization, and experimental results, showcasing the SCL's performance in various tests and its potential for practical applications.
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