The article "From Conceptualizing to Measuring HIV Stigma: A Review of HIV Stigma Mechanism Measures" by Valerie A. Earnshaw and Stephenie R. Chaudoir addresses the lack of clarity in conceptualizing and measuring HIV stigma at the individual level, which is a significant barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts. The authors propose the HIV Stigma Framework, which explores how HIV stigma elicits a series of stigma mechanisms that lead to adverse outcomes for both HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. They review existing measures of HIV stigma, focusing on three key aspects: the perspective of the population (HIV uninfected vs. infected), the mechanisms of stigma, and the outcomes of stigma. The review highlights an imbalance in research attention to HIV-infected individuals and suggests that differentiating between stigma mechanisms is crucial for understanding their impact on outcomes. The authors recommend that future research should consider the perspective of the affected population, the mechanisms through which HIV stigma operates, and the specific outcomes of stigma to enhance the effectiveness of interventions.The article "From Conceptualizing to Measuring HIV Stigma: A Review of HIV Stigma Mechanism Measures" by Valerie A. Earnshaw and Stephenie R. Chaudoir addresses the lack of clarity in conceptualizing and measuring HIV stigma at the individual level, which is a significant barrier to HIV prevention and treatment efforts. The authors propose the HIV Stigma Framework, which explores how HIV stigma elicits a series of stigma mechanisms that lead to adverse outcomes for both HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. They review existing measures of HIV stigma, focusing on three key aspects: the perspective of the population (HIV uninfected vs. infected), the mechanisms of stigma, and the outcomes of stigma. The review highlights an imbalance in research attention to HIV-infected individuals and suggests that differentiating between stigma mechanisms is crucial for understanding their impact on outcomes. The authors recommend that future research should consider the perspective of the affected population, the mechanisms through which HIV stigma operates, and the specific outcomes of stigma to enhance the effectiveness of interventions.