The article "Not Only Climate: Interacting Drivers of Treeline Change in Europe" explores the complex interactions among multiple drivers that influence treeline dynamics in Europe. While climate change is a significant factor, the authors emphasize that other ecological, biophysical, and human factors also play crucial roles. The paper highlights the importance of considering these interactions to better understand and predict treeline changes. Key drivers include temperature and precipitation, which limit tree establishment and growth, as well as disturbances such as snow avalanches, fires, and pathogens. Human activities, such as land-use changes and forest management, also significantly impact treeline positions. The authors discuss how these drivers interact at different scales, from local to global, and how their relative importance varies over time and space. They conclude that future treeline dynamics will be shaped by both direct and indirect effects of climate change, and that understanding these interactions is essential for effective management and prediction of treeline changes.The article "Not Only Climate: Interacting Drivers of Treeline Change in Europe" explores the complex interactions among multiple drivers that influence treeline dynamics in Europe. While climate change is a significant factor, the authors emphasize that other ecological, biophysical, and human factors also play crucial roles. The paper highlights the importance of considering these interactions to better understand and predict treeline changes. Key drivers include temperature and precipitation, which limit tree establishment and growth, as well as disturbances such as snow avalanches, fires, and pathogens. Human activities, such as land-use changes and forest management, also significantly impact treeline positions. The authors discuss how these drivers interact at different scales, from local to global, and how their relative importance varies over time and space. They conclude that future treeline dynamics will be shaped by both direct and indirect effects of climate change, and that understanding these interactions is essential for effective management and prediction of treeline changes.