The paper "From Metaphor to Measurement: Resilience of What to What?" by Steve Carpenter, Brian Walker, J. Marty Anderies, and Nick Abel explores the concept of resilience in socioecological systems (SES). Resilience is defined as the system's ability to tolerate disturbances before moving to a different state controlled by different processes. The authors highlight three key features of resilience: (a) the system's ability to stay within its domain of attraction, influenced by slowly changing variables or disturbance regimes; (b) the system's capacity for self-organization, which is enhanced by coevolved ecosystem components and social networks; and (c) the system's adaptive capacity, which involves mechanisms for evolving novelty or learning. The paper compares these properties in two contrasting SES: lake districts and rangelands. It also discusses the adaptive cycle, a metaphor that describes the four phases of rapid growth, conservation, collapse, and renewal, and how these phases influence resilience. The authors emphasize the importance of clear and measurable definitions of resilience, particularly in the context of ecosystem management.The paper "From Metaphor to Measurement: Resilience of What to What?" by Steve Carpenter, Brian Walker, J. Marty Anderies, and Nick Abel explores the concept of resilience in socioecological systems (SES). Resilience is defined as the system's ability to tolerate disturbances before moving to a different state controlled by different processes. The authors highlight three key features of resilience: (a) the system's ability to stay within its domain of attraction, influenced by slowly changing variables or disturbance regimes; (b) the system's capacity for self-organization, which is enhanced by coevolved ecosystem components and social networks; and (c) the system's adaptive capacity, which involves mechanisms for evolving novelty or learning. The paper compares these properties in two contrasting SES: lake districts and rangelands. It also discusses the adaptive cycle, a metaphor that describes the four phases of rapid growth, conservation, collapse, and renewal, and how these phases influence resilience. The authors emphasize the importance of clear and measurable definitions of resilience, particularly in the context of ecosystem management.