From square plaquettes to diamond lattices for SU(2) gauge theory

From square plaquettes to diamond lattices for SU(2) gauge theory

June 28, 2024 | Ali H. Z. Kavaki* and Randy Lewis†
This paper explores the application of quantum computing to lattice gauge theories, specifically SU(2) gauge theory, using both square plaquettes and triamond lattices. The study demonstrates effective error mitigation for imaginary time evolution on a two-plaquette lattice, achieving the ground state using an IBM quantum computer. The triamond lattice is proposed as a promising structure for three-dimensional lattice gauge theories, with its Hamiltonian derived and applied to a triamond unit cell. The results show that error-mitigated imaginary time evolution successfully finds the ground state of the triamond lattice on an IBM quantum computer. Quantum field theory, including lattice gauge theory, is crucial for understanding fundamental forces in physics. Lattice gauge theory, which discretizes spacetime, is essential for studying non-Abelian gauge theories like SU(2), which underpin quantum chromodynamics. Traditional lattice gauge theory faces challenges with sign problems in dynamic scenarios, but quantum computing offers a Hamiltonian approach that avoids these issues by leveraging the exponential Hilbert space of quantum systems. The paper addresses two key issues: error mitigation and extending lattice gauge theories into three dimensions. Error mitigation techniques, such as self-mitigation, are shown to be effective in overcoming hardware noise and enabling accurate ground state preparation. The triamond lattice, with three gauge links per site, avoids the need for additional quantum numbers to define the state, making it a more efficient structure for lattice gauge theories. The SU(2) Hamiltonian for the triamond lattice is derived, and its application to a triamond unit cell is demonstrated. The results show that the triamond lattice provides a systematic way to define three-dimensional lattices, with the quantum numbers of the gauge links sufficient to fully define the basis states. The paper also discusses the potential of quantum computing for future studies of non-Abelian gauge theories on larger lattices, emphasizing the importance of error mitigation and the advantages of the triamond lattice structure.This paper explores the application of quantum computing to lattice gauge theories, specifically SU(2) gauge theory, using both square plaquettes and triamond lattices. The study demonstrates effective error mitigation for imaginary time evolution on a two-plaquette lattice, achieving the ground state using an IBM quantum computer. The triamond lattice is proposed as a promising structure for three-dimensional lattice gauge theories, with its Hamiltonian derived and applied to a triamond unit cell. The results show that error-mitigated imaginary time evolution successfully finds the ground state of the triamond lattice on an IBM quantum computer. Quantum field theory, including lattice gauge theory, is crucial for understanding fundamental forces in physics. Lattice gauge theory, which discretizes spacetime, is essential for studying non-Abelian gauge theories like SU(2), which underpin quantum chromodynamics. Traditional lattice gauge theory faces challenges with sign problems in dynamic scenarios, but quantum computing offers a Hamiltonian approach that avoids these issues by leveraging the exponential Hilbert space of quantum systems. The paper addresses two key issues: error mitigation and extending lattice gauge theories into three dimensions. Error mitigation techniques, such as self-mitigation, are shown to be effective in overcoming hardware noise and enabling accurate ground state preparation. The triamond lattice, with three gauge links per site, avoids the need for additional quantum numbers to define the state, making it a more efficient structure for lattice gauge theories. The SU(2) Hamiltonian for the triamond lattice is derived, and its application to a triamond unit cell is demonstrated. The results show that the triamond lattice provides a systematic way to define three-dimensional lattices, with the quantum numbers of the gauge links sufficient to fully define the basis states. The paper also discusses the potential of quantum computing for future studies of non-Abelian gauge theories on larger lattices, emphasizing the importance of error mitigation and the advantages of the triamond lattice structure.
Reach us at info@study.space
[slides and audio] From square plaquettes to triamond lattices for SU(2) gauge theory