Akkermansia muciniphila is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human gut, making up 3-5% of the human microbiome. It is a promising next-generation probiotic with clinical application prospects. Emerging studies have reported various beneficial effects of A. muciniphila, including anti-cancer, delaying aging, reducing inflammation, improving immune function, and regulating nervous system function. However, its roles and mechanisms in infectious diseases are currently unclear. This review summarizes the basic characteristics, genome and phenotype diversity, and the influence of A. muciniphila and its derived components on infectious diseases such as sepsis, virus infection, enteric infection, periodontitis, and foodborne pathogen-induced infections. The review also provides updates on the mechanisms by which A. muciniphila protects intestinal barrier integrity and modulates host immune response. In conclusion, A. muciniphila is a promising therapeutic probiotic that may be applied for the treatment of a variety of infectious diseases. However, further research is needed to confirm its safety and efficacy, particularly in human trials.Akkermansia muciniphila is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human gut, making up 3-5% of the human microbiome. It is a promising next-generation probiotic with clinical application prospects. Emerging studies have reported various beneficial effects of A. muciniphila, including anti-cancer, delaying aging, reducing inflammation, improving immune function, and regulating nervous system function. However, its roles and mechanisms in infectious diseases are currently unclear. This review summarizes the basic characteristics, genome and phenotype diversity, and the influence of A. muciniphila and its derived components on infectious diseases such as sepsis, virus infection, enteric infection, periodontitis, and foodborne pathogen-induced infections. The review also provides updates on the mechanisms by which A. muciniphila protects intestinal barrier integrity and modulates host immune response. In conclusion, A. muciniphila is a promising therapeutic probiotic that may be applied for the treatment of a variety of infectious diseases. However, further research is needed to confirm its safety and efficacy, particularly in human trials.