This review article discusses the fundamentals, operation, and global prospects for the development of biogas plants. It highlights the advantages of biogas technologies, particularly those based on agricultural waste, and explores the main principles of biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD). Key parameters such as temperature, pH, retention time, and organic loading rate (OLR) are emphasized as critical for efficient biogas production. The article also discusses the importance of substrate selection, the role of organic waste in a circular economy, and the necessity of biogas purification for efficient electricity generation. It covers the design, construction, and operation of biogas plants, including economic aspects and profitability. The review also presents the global situation regarding biogas plant development, discussing specific needs and limitations on different continents. It highlights the significant number of biogas plants in China and Germany, as well as the challenges related to feedstock availability, financial issues, political regulations, public awareness, and geopolitical factors. The article concludes with a discussion of opportunities and barriers to biogas plant development, emphasizing the importance of proper planning and execution for successful investment returns. The review underscores the potential of biogas as a sustainable energy source, its role in waste management, and its contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It also discusses the importance of biogas treatment and purification for ensuring the quality and efficiency of biogas as an energy source. The article provides an overview of common biogas plant types, their design considerations, and the administrative aspects of their construction, including legal assessments, environmental regulations, and health and safety considerations. Overall, the review emphasizes the potential of biogas as a renewable energy source and its role in sustainable development.This review article discusses the fundamentals, operation, and global prospects for the development of biogas plants. It highlights the advantages of biogas technologies, particularly those based on agricultural waste, and explores the main principles of biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD). Key parameters such as temperature, pH, retention time, and organic loading rate (OLR) are emphasized as critical for efficient biogas production. The article also discusses the importance of substrate selection, the role of organic waste in a circular economy, and the necessity of biogas purification for efficient electricity generation. It covers the design, construction, and operation of biogas plants, including economic aspects and profitability. The review also presents the global situation regarding biogas plant development, discussing specific needs and limitations on different continents. It highlights the significant number of biogas plants in China and Germany, as well as the challenges related to feedstock availability, financial issues, political regulations, public awareness, and geopolitical factors. The article concludes with a discussion of opportunities and barriers to biogas plant development, emphasizing the importance of proper planning and execution for successful investment returns. The review underscores the potential of biogas as a sustainable energy source, its role in waste management, and its contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It also discusses the importance of biogas treatment and purification for ensuring the quality and efficiency of biogas as an energy source. The article provides an overview of common biogas plant types, their design considerations, and the administrative aspects of their construction, including legal assessments, environmental regulations, and health and safety considerations. Overall, the review emphasizes the potential of biogas as a renewable energy source and its role in sustainable development.