Gastrointestinal Uptake of Biodegradable Microparticles: Effect of Particle Size

Gastrointestinal Uptake of Biodegradable Microparticles: Effect of Particle Size

July 8, 1996; accepted September 9, 1996 | Manisha P. Desai, Vinod Labhasetwar, Gordon L. Amidon, Robert J. Levy
This study investigates the effect of microparticle size on gastrointestinal tissue uptake. Biodegradable microparticles of various sizes (100 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm, and 10 μm) using polyacrylic polyglycolic acid (PLGA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were formulated using the water-in-oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The uptake efficiency was studied in a rat in situ intestinal loop model. Results showed that 100 nm particles had 15–250 times higher uptake efficiency compared to larger particles. The uptake efficiency varied depending on the type of tissue (Peyer’s patch vs. non-patch) and the location (duodenum vs. ileum). Histological evaluation revealed that 100 nm particles were diffused throughout the submucosal layers, while larger particles were localized in the epithelial lining. The study concludes that there is a size-dependent exclusion phenomenon in gastrointestinal mucosal tissue, with 100 nm particles showing significantly greater tissue uptake, which has implications for designing nanoparticle-based oral drug delivery systems, such as oral vaccines.This study investigates the effect of microparticle size on gastrointestinal tissue uptake. Biodegradable microparticles of various sizes (100 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm, and 10 μm) using polyacrylic polyglycolic acid (PLGA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were formulated using the water-in-oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The uptake efficiency was studied in a rat in situ intestinal loop model. Results showed that 100 nm particles had 15–250 times higher uptake efficiency compared to larger particles. The uptake efficiency varied depending on the type of tissue (Peyer’s patch vs. non-patch) and the location (duodenum vs. ileum). Histological evaluation revealed that 100 nm particles were diffused throughout the submucosal layers, while larger particles were localized in the epithelial lining. The study concludes that there is a size-dependent exclusion phenomenon in gastrointestinal mucosal tissue, with 100 nm particles showing significantly greater tissue uptake, which has implications for designing nanoparticle-based oral drug delivery systems, such as oral vaccines.
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