The chapter "Gender Inequalities in Education" by Claudia Buchmann, Thomas DiPrete, and Anne McDaniel reviews empirical research and theoretical perspectives on gender inequalities in educational performance and attainment from early childhood to young adulthood. It highlights the shift in gender dynamics, where girls have traditionally lagged behind boys in academic performance but now outperform them in many areas, including college completion. The authors discuss the complex interplay of biological, social, and economic factors that contribute to these inequalities, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. They recommend three directions for future research: understanding gender differences in cognitive and non-cognitive abilities in early childhood, examining the structure and practices of schooling, and analyzing the intersectionality of gender with race, ethnicity, class, and immigrant status. The chapter also explores the changing landscape of gender inequalities in education, noting the increasing female advantage in college enrollment and completion, and the potential impacts of these changes on labor markets, marriage, and family formation.The chapter "Gender Inequalities in Education" by Claudia Buchmann, Thomas DiPrete, and Anne McDaniel reviews empirical research and theoretical perspectives on gender inequalities in educational performance and attainment from early childhood to young adulthood. It highlights the shift in gender dynamics, where girls have traditionally lagged behind boys in academic performance but now outperform them in many areas, including college completion. The authors discuss the complex interplay of biological, social, and economic factors that contribute to these inequalities, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. They recommend three directions for future research: understanding gender differences in cognitive and non-cognitive abilities in early childhood, examining the structure and practices of schooling, and analyzing the intersectionality of gender with race, ethnicity, class, and immigrant status. The chapter also explores the changing landscape of gender inequalities in education, noting the increasing female advantage in college enrollment and completion, and the potential impacts of these changes on labor markets, marriage, and family formation.