The Gene Ontology (GO) is a community-based bioinformatics resource that provides information about gene product function using ontologies to represent biological knowledge. The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) has expanded several branches of the ontology, including cilia-related terms, cell-cycle terms, and multicellular organism processes. New tools have been implemented for generating ontology terms based on logical rules and templates, and efforts have been made to increase the use of logical definitions. The GOC has a new and improved website summarizing new developments and documentation, serving as a portal to GO data. Users can perform GO enrichment analysis and search the GO for terms, annotations to gene products, and associated metadata across multiple species using the new AmiGO 2 browser. The GOC encourages and welcomes input from the research community in all biological areas to improve the Gene Ontology. The GO project provides a comprehensive source for functional genomics. It is a collaborative effort that creates evidence-supported annotations to describe the biological roles of individual genomic products by classifying them using ontologies. The GO has grown significantly, with over 40,000 terms and nearly 400,000 manually annotated gene products. The GOC has expanded the ontology to include new terms, such as those related to cilia, cell cycles, and multicellular organism processes. The GOC has also worked with other organizations to improve the representation of biological concepts, including the integration of the Subcellular Anatomy Ontology (SAO) into the GO cellular component representation. The GOC has also made improvements to the ontology development process, including the use of logical definitions to better enforce annotator consistency and allow for temporal reasoning. The GOC has also developed new tools and training to facilitate the creation, maintenance, and use of ontologies. The GOC has also expanded the GO annotation system to allow annotators to record relationships between interacting organisms involved in multi-organism processes. The GOC has also introduced additional metadata to better describe the biological context of annotations, including relationships such as localization dependencies, substrates of protein modifiers, and regulation targets of signaling pathways. The GOC has also introduced new features, such as the TermGenie web-based tool for requesting new GO classes, and the AmiGO 2 browser for querying, browsing, and visualizing GO data. The GOC has also expanded the scope of GO to include annotations from microbiome experiments and has invited research groups to submit annotations using data from such experiments. The GOC also provides platforms for community interaction and welcomes participation through its Helpdesk and Sourceforge tracker. The GOC is committed to continuous improvement and expansion of the GO, and is working towards developing a coordinated set of web-based tools to streamline and semi-automate annotation and help curators become more efficient.The Gene Ontology (GO) is a community-based bioinformatics resource that provides information about gene product function using ontologies to represent biological knowledge. The Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) has expanded several branches of the ontology, including cilia-related terms, cell-cycle terms, and multicellular organism processes. New tools have been implemented for generating ontology terms based on logical rules and templates, and efforts have been made to increase the use of logical definitions. The GOC has a new and improved website summarizing new developments and documentation, serving as a portal to GO data. Users can perform GO enrichment analysis and search the GO for terms, annotations to gene products, and associated metadata across multiple species using the new AmiGO 2 browser. The GOC encourages and welcomes input from the research community in all biological areas to improve the Gene Ontology. The GO project provides a comprehensive source for functional genomics. It is a collaborative effort that creates evidence-supported annotations to describe the biological roles of individual genomic products by classifying them using ontologies. The GO has grown significantly, with over 40,000 terms and nearly 400,000 manually annotated gene products. The GOC has expanded the ontology to include new terms, such as those related to cilia, cell cycles, and multicellular organism processes. The GOC has also worked with other organizations to improve the representation of biological concepts, including the integration of the Subcellular Anatomy Ontology (SAO) into the GO cellular component representation. The GOC has also made improvements to the ontology development process, including the use of logical definitions to better enforce annotator consistency and allow for temporal reasoning. The GOC has also developed new tools and training to facilitate the creation, maintenance, and use of ontologies. The GOC has also expanded the GO annotation system to allow annotators to record relationships between interacting organisms involved in multi-organism processes. The GOC has also introduced additional metadata to better describe the biological context of annotations, including relationships such as localization dependencies, substrates of protein modifiers, and regulation targets of signaling pathways. The GOC has also introduced new features, such as the TermGenie web-based tool for requesting new GO classes, and the AmiGO 2 browser for querying, browsing, and visualizing GO data. The GOC has also expanded the scope of GO to include annotations from microbiome experiments and has invited research groups to submit annotations using data from such experiments. The GOC also provides platforms for community interaction and welcomes participation through its Helpdesk and Sourceforge tracker. The GOC is committed to continuous improvement and expansion of the GO, and is working towards developing a coordinated set of web-based tools to streamline and semi-automate annotation and help curators become more efficient.